A big image opens when the thumbnail is clicked.(nies-3638.jpg)
Strain number NIES-3638  
Phylum Rhodophyta  
Class Cyanidiophyceae  
Scientific name Galdieria javensis H.S.Yoon, S.I.Park& R.A.Andersen  
Synonym Pleurococcus sulphurarius Galdieri; Cyanidium sulphurarium (Galdieri) F.D.Ott 1994  
Former name Galdieria sulphuraria (Galdieri) Merola  
Common name Red alga  
Locality (Date of collection) Mt. Lawu, Java, Indonesia  
Latitude / Longitude  
Habitat (Isolation source)  
History < Minoda, Ayumi < Weber, Andreas < Gross, Wolfgang < Taddei, R.  
Isolator (Date of isolation) Gross, Wolfgang (1995-**-**)  
Identified by Gross, Wolfgang  
State of strain Subculture; Unialgal; Clonal; Axenic[2018 Feb]  
Culture condition
(Preculture condition)
Medium:  M-Allen  
Temperature:  37 C
Light intensity:  9-10 µmol photons/m2/sec, L/D cycle:  10L:14D
Duration:  3 M  
Gene information  
Cell size (min - max)  
Organization Unicellular 
Characteristics Thermophilic ; Acidophilic ; Authentic strain (Park et al. 2023)  
Other strain no. Other collection strain no. : InaCC M193
Other strain no. : 074W  
Remarks Axenic 
Movie  
Reference
Nagao, R., Ogawa, H., Suzuki, T., Dohmae, N., Kato, K., Nakajima, Y., Shen, J.-R. 2025 Biochemical evidence for the diversity of LHCI proteins in PSI-LHCI from the red alga Galdieria sulphuraria NIES-3638. Photosynth. Res., 163, 14 (article ID).
Keywords: Galdieria sulphuraria NIES-3638; PSI-LHCI; Red alga; RedCAP
Strain(s): 3638 
PubMed: 39870974
DOI: 10.1007/s11120-024-01134-1

Park, S. I., Cho, C. H., Ciniglia, C., Huang, T.-Y., Liu, S.-L., Bustamante, D. E., Calderon, M. S., Mansilla, A., McDermott, T., Andersen, R. A., Yoon, H. S. 2023 Revised classification of the Cyanidiophyceae based on plastid genome data with descriptions of the Cavernulicolales ord. nov. and Galdieriales ord. nov. (Rhodophyta). J. Phycol., 59, 444-466.
Keywords: “cave Cyanidium”; Cyanidiales; organelle genome; phylogeny; Rhodophyta; taxonomy
Strain(s): 3638 
PubMed: 36792488
DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13322

Minoda, A., Miyashita, S., Fujii, S., Inagaki, K., Takahashi, Y. 2022 Cell population behavior of the unicellular red alga Galdieria sulphuraria during precious metal biosorption. J. Hazard. Mater., 432, 128576 (article ID).
Keywords: biosorption; adsorption mechanism; single cell ICP-MS; XAFS; metal selectivity
Strain(s): 3638 
PubMed: 35313161
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128576

Miyashita, S., Ogura, T., Kondo, T., Fujii, S., Inagaki, K., Takahashi, Y., Minoda, A. 2022 Recovery of Au from dilute aqua regia solutions via adsorption on the lyophilized cells of a unicellular red alga Galdieria sulphuraria: A mechanism study. J. Hazard. Mater., 425, 127982 (article ID).
Keywords: Biosorption; Precious metal; Acidic effluent; Remediation; Wastewater treatment
Strain(s): 3638 
PubMed: 34894509
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127982

Miyashita, S., Ogura, T., Fujii, S., Inagaki, K., Takahashi, Y., Minoda, A. 2021 Effect of lyophilization on the acid resistance of a unicellular red alga Galdieria sulphuraria during platinum recovery. J. Hazard. Mater. Advances, 3, 100015 (article ID).
Keywords: Biosorption; Metal recovery; Algae; XAFS; ICP-MS; Platinum
Strain(s): 3638 
DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2021.100015

Mohd Zul, S., Iwamoto, K., Mohd Rahim, M. A., Abdullah, N., Mohamad, S. E., Shimizu, K., Hara, H. 2020 Production of liquid fertilizer from chicken feather waste by using subcritical water treatment for plant and algal growth. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci., 479, 012033 (article ID).
Keywords: Subcritical water; fertilizer; chicken feather; Galdieria
Strain(s): 3638 
DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/479/1/012033

Fukuda, S., Yamamoto, R., Iwamoto, K., Minoda, A. 2018 Cellular accumulation of cesium in the unicellular red alga Galdieria sulphuraria under mixotrophic conditions. J. Appl. Phycol., 30, 3057-3061.
Keywords: Bioremediation; Galdieria sulphuraria; Rhodophyceae; Radioactive cesium; Biological concentration
Strain(s): 3638 
DOI: 10.1007/s10811-018-1525-z

Minoda, A., Sawada, H., Suzuki, S., Miyashita, S., Inagaki, K., Yamamoto, T., Tsuzuki, M. 2015 Recovery of rare earth elements from the sulfothermophilic red alga Galdieria sulphuraria using aqueous acid. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 99, 1513-1519.
Keywords: Galdieria sulphuraria; Metal recovery; Red algae; Rare earth elements; Copper
Strain(s): 3638 
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6070-3

Schönknecht, G., Chen, W.-H., Ternes, C. M., Barbier, G. G., Shrestha, R. P., Stanke, M., Bräutigam, A., Baker, B. J., Banfield, J. F., Garavito, R. M., Carr, K., Wilkerson, C., Rensing, S. A., Gagneul, D., Dickenson, N. E., Oesterhelt, C., Lercher, M. J., Weber, A. P. M. 2013 Gene transfer from bacteria and archaea facilitated evolution of an extremophilic eukaryote. Science, , 1207-1210.
Strain(s): 3638 
PubMed: 23471408
DOI: 10.1126/science.1231707

Linka, M., Jamai, A., Weber, A. P. M. 2008 Functional characterization of the plastidic phosphate translocator gene family from the thermo-acidophilic red alga Galdieria sulphuraria reveals specific adaptations of primary carbon partitioning in green plants and red algae. Plant Physiol., 148, 1487-1496.
Strain(s): 3638 
PubMed: 18799657
DOI: 10.1104/pp.108.129478

Barbier, G., Oesterhelt, C., Larson, M. D., Halgren, R. H., Wilkerson, C., Garavito, R. M., Benning, C., Weber, A. P. M. 2005 Comparative genomics of two closely related unicellular thermo-acidophilic red algae, Galdieria sulphuraria and Cyanidioschyzon merolae, reveals the molecular basis of the metabolic flexibility of Galdieria sulphuraria and significant differences in carbohydrate metabolism of both algae. Plant Physiol., 137, 460-474.
Strain(s): 3638 
PubMed: 15710685
DOI: 10.1104/pp.104.051169

Weber, A. P. M., Oesterhelt, C., Gross, W., Bräutigam, A., Imboden, L. A., Krassovskaya, I., Linka, N., Truchina, J., Schneidereit, J., Voll, H., Voll, L. M., Zimmermann, M., Jamai, A., Riekhof, W. R., Yu, B., Garavito, R. M., Benning, C. 2004 EST-analysis of the thermo-acidophilic red microalga Galdieria sulphuraria reveals potential for lipid A biosynthesis and unveils the pathway of carbon export from rhodoplasts. Plant Mol. Biol., 55, 17-32.
Keywords: cyanidiales; EST-analysis; extremophile; genomics
Strain(s): 3638 
PubMed: 15604662
DOI: 10.1007/s11103-004-0376-y

Oesterhelt, C., Gross, W. 2002 Different sugar kinases are involved in the sugar sensing of Galdieria sulphuraria. Plant Physiol., 128, 291-299.
Strain(s): 3638 
DOI: 10.1104/pp.010553

Muravenko, O., Selyakh, I., Kononenko, N., Stadnichuk, I. 2001 Chromosome numbers and nuclear DNA contents in the red microalgae Cyanidium caldarium and three Galdieria species. Eur. J. Phycol., 36, 227–232.
Keywords: chromosome number; Cyanidium caldarium; DNA content; Galdieria maxima; Galdieria partita; Galdieria sulphuraria; genome size
Strain(s): 3638 
DOI: 10.1080/09670260110001735378

Gross, W., Seipold, P., Schnarrenberger, C. 1997 Characterization and purification of an aldose reductase from the acidophilic and thermophilic red alga Galdieria sulphuraria. Plant Physiol., 114, 231-216.
Strain(s): 3638 
PubMed: 12223702
DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.1.231

Oesterhelt, C., Schnarrenberger, C., Gross, W. 1997 The reaction of mechanism of phosphomannomutase in plants. FEBS Lett., 401, 35-37.
Keywords: Galdieria sulphuraria; Rhodophyta; Phosphomannomutase; Mannose-1,6-bisphosphate; Reaction mechanism
Strain(s): 3638 
DOI: 10.1016/S0014-5793(96)01425-1

Gross, W., Schnarrenberger, C. 1995 Heterotrophic growth of two strains of the acido-thermophilic red alga Galdieria sulphuraria. Plant Cell Physiol., 36, 633-638.
Keywords: Galdieria sulphuraria; Heterotrophy; Monosaccharides; Pigmentation; Rhodophyta; Sugar alchols
Strain(s): 3638 
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a078803

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