Strain Data

Strain number		NIES-2169
Phylum		Chlorophyta
Class		Trebouxiophyceae
Scientific name		Chlorella sorokiniana Shihira & R.W.Krauss
Synonym
Former name		Chlorella pyrenoidosa Chick
Common name		Green alga
Locality (Date of collection)		Waller Creek on Univ. TX Campus, Austin, Texas, USA
Latitude / Longitude		30.259697 /
Habitat (Isolation source)		Freshwater
History		< IAM (2007) < Meyers, Jack
Isolator (Date of isolation)		Sorokin, C.
Identified by		Kessler, E.; CConfirmed by DNA sequencing at NIES
State of strain		Cryopreservation; Unialgal; Clonal; Axenic[2018 Feb]
Culture condition (Preculture condition)		Medium: C (agar) Temperature: 20 C Light intensity: 8-15 µmol photons/m²/sec, L/D cycle: 10L:14D Duration: 3 M
Gene information		18S rRNA ( AB080307 AB488573 ) , actin ( AB080311 )
Cell size (min - max)		5 - 8 μm
Organization		Unicellular
Characteristics		Starch production (Takeshita et al. 2014)
Other strain no.		Other collection strain no. : IAM C-212; ATCC 22521; CAUP H1957; CCAP 211/8k; SAG 211-8K; UTEX 1230
Remarks		Cryopreserved; Axenic
Movie

Reference
Kodama, Y. & Endoh, Y. 2024 Comparative analyses of the symbiotic associations of the host Paramecium bursaria with free-living and native symbiotic species of Chlorella. Curr. Microbiol., 81, 66 (article ID). Strain(s): 2169 PubMed: 38231280 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03590-9 Ota, S., Yoshimura, K., Kosugi, C., Kawano, S. 2023 Taxonomic and physiological studies of Parachlorella kimitsuensis sp. nov. (Trebouxiophyceae), which shows high ammonium tolerance. Algal Res., 71, 103054 (article ID). Keywords: Chlorella; Halophiles; High ammonium; Parachlorella, Parachlorella kimitsuensis sp. nov.; Remediation; Steelmaking wastewater treatment Strain(s): 2152, 2169, 2273, 2275 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.103054 Tawfik, A., Niaz, H., Qadeer, K., Qyyum, M. A., Liu, J. J., Lee, M. 2022 Valorization of algal cells for biomass and bioenergy production from wastewater: Sustainable strategies, challenges, and techno-economic limitations. Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 157, 112024 (article ID). Keywords: Xenobiotic compounds; Micro-pollutants; Enzyme activity; Biomass; Bioenergy; Algae-based wastewater treatment Strain(s): 19, 23, 44, 226, 422, 437, 2169, 2220, 3284 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.112024 Hirayama, A., Sueyoshi, M. N., Nakano, T., Ota, Y., Kurita, H., Tasaki, M., Kuroiwa, Y., Kato, T., Serizawa, S., Kojima, K., Al-Maamari, R. S., Hasegawa, T., Thomas-Hall, S. R., Schenk, P. M. 2022 .Development of large-scale microalgae production in the Middle East. Bioresour. Technol., 343, 126036 (article ID). Keywords: Chlorella sorokiniana; Large-scale microalgae production; Outdoor raceway ponds; Photobioreactor; Water temperature control Strain(s): 2169 PubMed: 34626761 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126036 Maltsev, Y., Maltseva, K., Kulikovskiy, M., Maltseva, S. 2021 Influence of light conditions on microalgae growth and content of lipids, carotenoids, and fatty acid composition. Biology-Basel, 10, 1060 (article ID). Keywords: carotenoids; fatty acids; light; lipids; microalgae; photoperiod Strain(s): 2151, 2152, 2159, 2169, 2170 PubMed: 34681157 DOI: 10.3390/biology10101060 Anam, K., Rahman, D. Y., Hidhayati, N., Rachmayati, R., Susilaningsih, D., Agustini, N. W. S., Praharyawan, S., Susanti, H., Apriastini, M. 2021 Lipid accumulation on optimized condition through biomass production in green algae. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci., 762, 012075 (article ID). Strain(s): 2152, 2169, 2170 DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/762/1/012075 Kato, T., Nakano, K., Sueyoshi, M., Tasaki, M., Kuroiwa, Y. 2020 Large-scale outdoor test of Chlorella culturing in raceway system in the Middle East. Shimizu Kensetsu Kenkyuhokoku, 97, 133-138 (in Japanese with English summary). Strain(s): 2169 Widyaningrum, D., Iida, D., Tanabe, Y., Hayashi, Y., Kurniasih, S. D., Ohama, T. 2019 Acutely induced cell mortality in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlorophyceae) following exposure to acrylic resin nanoparticles. J. Phycol., 55, 118-133. Keywords: abnormal swimming behavior; cell mortality; cell wall damage; Chlamydomonas rein-hardtii; poly(isobutyl-cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles; ROS Strain(s): 35, 144, 362, 418, 421, 432, 438, 456, 545, 571, 732, 737, 858, 1022, 1048, 1848, 2150, 2169, 2201, 2202, 2208, 2209, 2212, 2280, 2352, 2462, 2578 PubMed: 30304548 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12798 Takeshita, T., Ota, S., Yamazaki, T., Hirata, A., Zachleder, V., Kawano, S. 2014 Starch and lipid accumulation in eight strains of six Chlorella species under comparatively high light intensity and aeration culture conditions. Bioresour. Technol., 158, 127-134. Keywords: Accumulation shift; Lipid; Chlorella; Starch; Strong light Strain(s): 2151, 2152, 2159, 2169, 2170, 2179 PubMed: 24583913 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.135 Imase, M., Ohko, Y., Takeuchi, M., Hanada, S. 2013 Estimating the viability of Chlorella exposed to oxidative stresses based around photocatalysis. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad., 78, 1-6. Keywords: Autoﬂuorescence; Cell staining; Chlorella sorokiniana; Oxidative stress: TiO₂ photocatalysis; Viability assay Strain(s): 2169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2012.12.006 Mizuno, Y., Sato, A., Watanabe, K., Hirata, A., Takeshita, T., Ota, S., Sato, N., Zachleder, V., Tsuzuki, M., Kawano, S. 2013 Sequential accumulation of starch and lipid induced by sulfur deficiency in Chlorella and Parachlorella species. Bioresour. Technol., 129, 150-155. Keywords: Sulfur deﬁciency; Chlorella spp.; Parachlorella kessleri; Starch; Lipids Strain(s): 2169, 2173 PubMed: 23238344 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.11.030 Chu, C. Y., Liao, W. R., Huang, R., Lin, L. P. 2004 Haemagglutinating and antibiotic activities of freshwater microalgae. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 20, 817–825. Keywords: Antibiotic activity; erythrocytes; freshwater microalgae; haemagglutination Strain(s): 226, 227, 2159, 2163, 2165, 2169, 2175, 2189, 2208, 2211, 2213, 2214, 2229, 2231, 2233, 2240, 2241, 2243, 2247, 2248, 3277, 3284 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-004-8712-6 Yamamoto, M., Nozaki, H., Miyazawa, Y., Koide, T., Kawano, S. 2003 Relationship between presence of a mother cell wall and speciation in the unicellular microalga Nannochloris (Chlorophyta). J. Phycol., 39, 172-184. Keywords: 18S rRNA; actin gene; autosporulation; binary fission; budding; Chlorella; Chlorophyta; molecular phylogeny; TBR, tree bisection reconnection Strain(s): 2160, 2169, 2173, 2186, 4016 DOI: 10.1046/j.1529-8817.2003.02052. Kessler, E. & Huss, V. A. R. 1992 Comparative physiology and biochemistry and taxonomic assignment of the Chlorella (Chlorophyceae) strains of the Culture Collection of the University of Texas at Austin. J. Phycol., 28, 550-553. Keywords: chemotaxonomy; Chlorella; Chlorophyta; UTEX culture collection; utilization for research and biotechnology Strain(s): 686, 687, 2150, 2151, 2160, 2163, 2169, 2175, 2176 DOI: 10.1111/j.0022-3646.1992.00550.x Brand, J. J. & Wright, J. N. 1989 Hydrogen production by eukaryotic algae. Biotech. Bioeng., 33, 1482-1488. Strain(s): 2151, 2169, 2190, 2194, 2201, 2202, 2203, 2204, 2211, 2213, 2219, 2279, 2291 Maruyama, I., Ando, Y., Maeda, T., Hirayama, K. 1989 Uptake of vitamin B₁₂ by various strains of unicellular algae Chlorella. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 55, 1785-1790. Strain(s): 48, 226, 687, 2157, 2169, 2175 Ohta, S., Miyamoto, K., Miura, Y. 1987 Hydrogen evolution as a consumption mode of reducing equivalents in green algal fermentation. Plant Physiol., 83, 1022-1026. Strain(s): 2169, 3284 PubMed: 16665317 DOI: 10.1104/pp.83.4.1022

Reference

Kodama, Y. & Endoh, Y. 2024 Comparative analyses of the symbiotic associations of the host Paramecium bursaria with free-living and native symbiotic species of Chlorella. Curr. Microbiol., 81, 66 (article ID).
Strain(s): 2169
PubMed: 38231280
DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03590-9

Ota, S., Yoshimura, K., Kosugi, C., Kawano, S. 2023 Taxonomic and physiological studies of Parachlorella kimitsuensis sp. nov. (Trebouxiophyceae), which shows high ammonium tolerance. Algal Res., 71, 103054 (article ID).
Keywords: Chlorella; Halophiles; High ammonium; Parachlorella, Parachlorella kimitsuensis sp. nov.; Remediation; Steelmaking wastewater treatment
Strain(s): 2152, 2169, 2273, 2275
DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.103054

Tawfik, A., Niaz, H., Qadeer, K., Qyyum, M. A., Liu, J. J., Lee, M. 2022 Valorization of algal cells for biomass and bioenergy production from wastewater: Sustainable strategies, challenges, and techno-economic limitations. Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 157, 112024 (article ID).
Keywords: Xenobiotic compounds; Micro-pollutants; Enzyme activity; Biomass; Bioenergy; Algae-based wastewater treatment
Strain(s): 19, 23, 44, 226, 422, 437, 2169, 2220, 3284
DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.112024

Hirayama, A., Sueyoshi, M. N., Nakano, T., Ota, Y., Kurita, H., Tasaki, M., Kuroiwa, Y., Kato, T., Serizawa, S., Kojima, K., Al-Maamari, R. S., Hasegawa, T., Thomas-Hall, S. R., Schenk, P. M. 2022 .Development of large-scale microalgae production in the Middle East. Bioresour. Technol., 343, 126036 (article ID).
Keywords: Chlorella sorokiniana; Large-scale microalgae production; Outdoor raceway ponds; Photobioreactor; Water temperature control
Strain(s): 2169
PubMed: 34626761
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126036

Maltsev, Y., Maltseva, K., Kulikovskiy, M., Maltseva, S. 2021 Influence of light conditions on microalgae growth and content of lipids, carotenoids, and fatty acid composition. Biology-Basel, 10, 1060 (article ID).
Keywords: carotenoids; fatty acids; light; lipids; microalgae; photoperiod
Strain(s): 2151, 2152, 2159, 2169, 2170
PubMed: 34681157
DOI: 10.3390/biology10101060

Anam, K., Rahman, D. Y., Hidhayati, N., Rachmayati, R., Susilaningsih, D., Agustini, N. W. S., Praharyawan, S., Susanti, H., Apriastini, M. 2021 Lipid accumulation on optimized condition through biomass production in green algae. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci., 762, 012075 (article ID).
Strain(s): 2152, 2169, 2170
DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/762/1/012075

Kato, T., Nakano, K., Sueyoshi, M., Tasaki, M., Kuroiwa, Y. 2020 Large-scale outdoor test of Chlorella culturing in raceway system in the Middle East. Shimizu Kensetsu Kenkyuhokoku, 97, 133-138 (in Japanese with English summary).
Strain(s): 2169

Widyaningrum, D., Iida, D., Tanabe, Y., Hayashi, Y., Kurniasih, S. D., Ohama, T. 2019 Acutely induced cell mortality in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlorophyceae) following exposure to acrylic resin nanoparticles. J. Phycol., 55, 118-133.
Keywords: abnormal swimming behavior; cell mortality; cell wall damage; Chlamydomonas rein-hardtii; poly(isobutyl-cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles; ROS
Strain(s): 35, 144, 362, 418, 421, 432, 438, 456, 545, 571, 732, 737, 858, 1022, 1048, 1848, 2150, 2169, 2201, 2202, 2208, 2209, 2212, 2280, 2352, 2462, 2578
PubMed: 30304548
DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12798

Takeshita, T., Ota, S., Yamazaki, T., Hirata, A., Zachleder, V., Kawano, S. 2014 Starch and lipid accumulation in eight strains of six Chlorella species under comparatively high light intensity and aeration culture conditions. Bioresour. Technol., 158, 127-134.
Keywords: Accumulation shift; Lipid; Chlorella; Starch; Strong light
Strain(s): 2151, 2152, 2159, 2169, 2170, 2179
PubMed: 24583913
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.135

Imase, M., Ohko, Y., Takeuchi, M., Hanada, S. 2013 Estimating the viability of Chlorella exposed to oxidative stresses based around photocatalysis. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad., 78, 1-6.
Keywords: Autoﬂuorescence; Cell staining; Chlorella sorokiniana; Oxidative stress: TiO₂ photocatalysis; Viability assay
Strain(s): 2169
DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2012.12.006

Mizuno, Y., Sato, A., Watanabe, K., Hirata, A., Takeshita, T., Ota, S., Sato, N., Zachleder, V., Tsuzuki, M., Kawano, S. 2013 Sequential accumulation of starch and lipid induced by sulfur deficiency in Chlorella and Parachlorella species. Bioresour. Technol., 129, 150-155.
Keywords: Sulfur deﬁciency; Chlorella spp.; Parachlorella kessleri; Starch; Lipids
Strain(s): 2169, 2173
PubMed: 23238344
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.11.030

Chu, C. Y., Liao, W. R., Huang, R., Lin, L. P. 2004 Haemagglutinating and antibiotic activities of freshwater microalgae. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 20, 817–825.
Keywords: Antibiotic activity; erythrocytes; freshwater microalgae; haemagglutination
Strain(s): 226, 227, 2159, 2163, 2165, 2169, 2175, 2189, 2208, 2211, 2213, 2214, 2229, 2231, 2233, 2240, 2241, 2243, 2247, 2248, 3277, 3284
DOI: 10.1007/s11274-004-8712-6

Yamamoto, M., Nozaki, H., Miyazawa, Y., Koide, T., Kawano, S. 2003 Relationship between presence of a mother cell wall and speciation in the unicellular microalga Nannochloris (Chlorophyta). J. Phycol., 39, 172-184.
Keywords: 18S rRNA; actin gene; autosporulation; binary fission; budding; Chlorella; Chlorophyta; molecular phylogeny; TBR, tree bisection reconnection
Strain(s): 2160, 2169, 2173, 2186, 4016
DOI: 10.1046/j.1529-8817.2003.02052.

Kessler, E. & Huss, V. A. R. 1992 Comparative physiology and biochemistry and taxonomic assignment of the Chlorella (Chlorophyceae) strains of the Culture Collection of the University of Texas at Austin. J. Phycol., 28, 550-553.
Keywords: chemotaxonomy; Chlorella; Chlorophyta; UTEX culture collection; utilization for research and biotechnology
Strain(s): 686, 687, 2150, 2151, 2160, 2163, 2169, 2175, 2176
DOI: 10.1111/j.0022-3646.1992.00550.x

Brand, J. J. & Wright, J. N. 1989 Hydrogen production by eukaryotic algae. Biotech. Bioeng., 33, 1482-1488.
Strain(s): 2151, 2169, 2190, 2194, 2201, 2202, 2203, 2204, 2211, 2213, 2219, 2279, 2291

Maruyama, I., Ando, Y., Maeda, T., Hirayama, K. 1989 Uptake of vitamin B₁₂ by various strains of unicellular algae Chlorella. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 55, 1785-1790.
Strain(s): 48, 226, 687, 2157, 2169, 2175

Ohta, S., Miyamoto, K., Miura, Y. 1987 Hydrogen evolution as a consumption mode of reducing equivalents in green algal fermentation. Plant Physiol., 83, 1022-1026.
Strain(s): 2169, 3284
PubMed: 16665317
DOI: 10.1104/pp.83.4.1022

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