Strain Data

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Strain number		NIES-48
Phylum		Euglenozoa
Class		Euglenophyceae
Scientific name		Euglena gracilis G.A.Klebs
Synonym
Former name
Common name
Locality (Date of collection)
Latitude / Longitude
Habitat (Isolation source)
History		< IAM (1983);
Isolator (Date of isolation)
Identified by
State of strain		Subculture; Unialgal; Clonal; Axenic[2017 Dec]
Culture condition (Preculture condition)		Medium: HUT (semi-solid) Temperature: 20 (25) C Light intensity: 6-8 (14-16) µmol photons/m²/sec, L/D cycle: 10L:14D Duration: 1 M (14 D)
Gene information		OPRT-OMPDC ( AB185845 ) , PAC1 ( AB126955 ) , PAC2 ( AB126956 ) , DHOD ( AB120414 )
Cell size (min - max)		- 42 μm
Organization		Unicellular; Flagellate
Characteristics		Material for Vitamin B₁₂bioassay
Other strain no.		Other collection strain no. : IAM E-6; UTEX 753 Other strain no. : Z strain
Remarks		Axenic
Movie		https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3PE0-nt8BSQ

Reference
Zhang, K., Wan, M., Bai, W., Bao, Z., Duan, X., Wang, W., Fan, F., Li, Y. 2024 A novel heterotrophic cultivation process of Euglena gracilis based on NaCl stress significantly increases the paramylon production. Algal Res., 78, 103391 (article ID). Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103391 Imamura, S., Yamada, K., Takebe, H., Kiuchi, R., Iwashita, H., Toyokawa, C., Suzuki, K., Sakurai, A., Takaya, K. 2024 Optimal conditions of algal breeding using neutral beam and applying it to breed Euglena gracilis strains with improved lipid accumulation. Sci Rep, 14, 14716 (article ID). Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 38961078 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65175-1 Fukuda, M., Kinkawa, M., Hayashi, M. 2024 Fed-batch cultivation of Euglena gracilis for the high-yield production and GPC-assisted molecular weight determination of paramylon. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 88, 206–211. Keywords: paramylon; Euglena gracilis; molecular weight Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 37974047 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad152 Zhu, J., Tan, X., Hafid, H. S., Wakisaka, M. 2023 A novel strategy to promote microalgal growth and lipid productivity by supplementation of lignin related phenolic elicitors. Fuel, 334, 126775 (article ID). Keywords: Microalgae; Phenolic elicitors; Cell morphology; Photosynthesis; Lipids Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.126775 Takahashi, Y., Shimamoto, K., Toyokawa, C., Suzuki, K., Osanai, T. 2023 Gravity sedimentation of eukaryotic algae Euglena gracilis accelerated by ethanol cultivation. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 107, 3021–3032. Keywords: Ethanol; Euglena gracilis; Microalgae; Sedimentation Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 36941437 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12476-6 Tamaki, S., Koshitsuka, Y., Miyamoto, K., Ishikawa, T., Shinomura, T. 2023 Chemical and genetic carotenoid deficiency delays growth in dark-grown Euglena gracilis. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 87, 491-500. Keywords: Euglena gracilis; carotenoid; norflurazon; dark acclimation; posttranscriptional regulation Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 36869792 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad024 Ata, S. & Shibakami, M. 2023 Experimental and theoretical estimation of the Hansen solubility parameters of paramylon esters based on the degrees of substitution and chain lengths of their acyl groups. Biopolymer, 114, e23565 (article ID). Keywords: acyl chain length; degree of substitution; Hansen solubility parameter; paramylon Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 37635653 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23565 van Zee, M., de Rutte, J., Rumyan, R., Williamson, C., Burnes, T., Radakovits, R., Eugenio, A. S., Badih, S., Lee, S., Lee, D.-H., Archang, M., Di Carlo, D. 2022 High-throughput selection of cells based on accumulated growth and division using PicoShell particles. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 119, e2109430119 (article ID). Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 35046027 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2109430119 Tang, T., Liu, X., Yuan, Y., Kiya, R., Shen, Y., Zhang, T., Suzuki, K., Tanaka, Y., Li, M., Hosokawa, Y., Yalikun, Y. 2022 Dual-frequency impedance assays for intracellular components in microalgal cells. Lab Chip, 22, 550-559. Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 35072196 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00721a Park, S., Lee, S., Kim, H. S., Choi, H. J., Jeong, O. C., Lin, R., Cho, Y., Lee, M.-H. 2022 Square microchannel enables to focus and orient ellipsoidal Euglena gracilis cells by two-dimensional acoustic standing wave. Microchim. Acta, 189, 331 (article ID). Keywords: Acoustofluidics; Microalgae; Acoustic focusing; Microfluidics; Flow cytometry Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 35969307 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05439-7 Hamana, K., Furuchi, T., Hayashi, H., Niitsu, M. 2022 Additional polyamine analysis of algal chlorarachniophytes, euglenophytes, haptophytes, cryptophytes, dinoflagellates, chromerids and heterokontophytes. —Polyamine analysis of algae IV— Microb. Resour. Syst., 38, 51-62. Keywords: alga; chlorarachniophyte; chromerid; dinoflagellate; polyamine Strain(s): 12, 47, 48, 253, 274, 276, 277, 282, 286, 304, 331, 381, 387, 463, 623, 624, 699, 706, 715, 741, 1443, 2145, 2146, 2149, 2351, 2433, 2535, 2584, 2588, 2635, 2677, 2716, 2728, 2860, 3576, 3745, 4060, 4109, 4280, 4391, 4392 Tang, T., Liu, X., Yuan, Y., Zhang, T., Kiya, R., Suzuki, K., Tanaka, Y., Li, M., Hosokawa, Y., Yalikum, Y. 2022 Impedance-based tracking of the loss of intracellular components in microalgae cells. Sens. Actuator B-Chem., 358, 131514 (article ID). Keywords: Chloroplasts; Impedance cytometry; Interior components loss; Intracellular analysis; Single cell analysis Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2022.131514 Lindley, M., Gala de Pablo, J., Peterson, W., Isozaki, A., Hiramatsu, K., Goda, K. 2022 High-throughput raman-activated cell sorting in the fingerprint region. Adv. Mater. Technol., 7, 2101567 (article ID). Strain(s): 48, 2175, 4141 DOI: 10.1002/admt.202101567 Tang, T., Liu, X., Yuan, Y., Zhang, T., Kiya, R., Yang, Y., Suzuki, K., Tanaka, Y., Li, M., Hosokawa, Y., Yalikum, Y. 2022 Assessment of the electrical penetration of cell membranes using four-frequency impedance cytometry. Microsyst. Nanoeng., 8, 68 (article ID). Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 35757522 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-022-00405-y Zhu, J. & Wakisaka, M. 2021 Application of lignosulfonate as the growth promotor for freshwater microalga Euglena gracilis to increase productivity of biomass and lipids. Fuel, 283, 118920 (article ID). Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Lignosulfonates; Photosynthetic pigment; Lipid accumulation; Multivariate analysis Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2020.118920 Zhu, J., Tan, X., Hafid, H. S., Wakisaka, M. 2021 Enhancement of biomass yield and lipid accumulation of freshwater microalga Euglena gracilis by phenolic compounds from basic structures of lignin. Bioresour. Technol., 321, 124441 (article ID). Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Phenolic compounds; Lignin; Carotenoids; Lipid Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124441 Rubiyatno, R., Mori, K., Inoue, D., Kim, S., Yu, J., Lee, T., Ike, M., Toyama, T. 2021 Isolation and characterization of Euglena gracilis-associated bacteria, Enterobacter sp. CA3 and Emticicia sp. CN5, capable of promoting the growth and paramylon production of E. gracilis under mixotrophic cultivation. Microorganisms, 9, 1496 (article ID). Keywords: Euglena gracilis; paramylon; associated bacteria; growth promotion; paramylon production promotion; co-culture; Emticicia sp.; Enterobacter sp. Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 34361931 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071496 Xu, M., Harmon, J., Yuan, D., Yan, S., Lei, C., Hiramatsu, K., Zhou, Y., Loo, M. H., Hasunuma, T., Isozaki, A., Goda, K. 2021 Morphological indicator for directed evolution of Euglena gracilis with a high heavy metal removal efficiency. Environ. Sci. Technol., 55, 7880-7889. Keywords: microalgae; wastewater treatment; directed evolution; machine learning; single-cell analysis; imaging flow cytometry Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 33913704 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05278 Nagao, R., Yokono, M., Kato, K., Ueno, Y., Shen, J.-R., Akimoto, S. 2021 High‑light modification of excitation‑energy‑relaxation processes in the green fagellate Euglena gracilis. Photosynth. Res., 149, 303–311. Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Time-resolved fuorescence; Photoprotection; Photosynthesis Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 34037905 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00849-9 Kato, S. & Nam, H. G. 2021 The cell division cycle of Euglena gracilis indicates that the level of circadian plasticity to the external light regime changes in prolonged-stationary cultures. Plants-Basel, 10, 1475 (article ID). Keywords: aging; cell division; circadian plasticity; Euglena gracilis; microalgae; T-cycle Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 34371678 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071475 Bhattad, T., Koradiya, A., Prakash, G. 2021 Prebiotic activity of paramylon isolated from heterotrophically grown Euglena gracilis. Heliyon, 7, e07884 (article ID). Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 34584997 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07884 Yonamine, Y., Asai, T., Suzuki, Y., Ito, T., Ozeki, Y., Hoshino, Y. 2021 Probing the biogenesis of polysaccharide granules in algal cells at sub-organellar resolution via raman microscopy with stable isotope labeling. Anal. Chem., 93, 16796–16803. Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 34870976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03216 Tan, X., Zhu, J., Wakisaka, M. 2021 Effect of phytochemical vanillic acid on the growth and lipid accumulation of freshwater microalga Euglena gracilis. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 37, 217 (article ID). Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Vanillic acid; Growth; Photosynthetic pigments; Biochemical composition Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 34773155 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03185-1 Rubiyatno, Matsui, T., Mori, K., Toyama, T. 2021 Paramylon production by Euglena gracilis via mixotrophic cultivation using sewage effluent and waste organic compounds. Bioresour. Technol. Reports, 15, 100735 (article ID). Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2021.100735 Yalikun, Y., Ota, N., Guo, B., Tang, T., Zhou, Y., Lei, C., Kobayashi, H., Hosokawa, Y., Li, M., Enrique Muñoz, H., Di Carlo, D., Goda, K., Tanaka Y. 2020 Effects of flow-induced microfluidic chip wall deformation on imaging flow cytometry. Cytom. Part A, 97, 909-920. Keywords: glass microchannel; high-speed imaging flow cytometry; microchannel deformation effects; sample focusing Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 31856398 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23944 Zhu, J. & Wakisaka, M. 2020 Finding of phytase: Understanding growth promotion mechanism of phytic acid to freshwater microalga Euglena gracilis. Bioresour. Technol., 296, 122343 (article ID). Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Phytic acid; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Multivariate analysis; Phytas Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 31711907 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122343 Mikami, H., Kawaguchi, M., Huang, C.-J., Matsumura, H., Sugimura, T., Huang, K., Lei, C., Ueno, S., Miura, T., Ito, T., Nagasawa, K., Maeno, T., Watari, H., Yamagishi, M., Uemura, S., Ohnuki, S., Ohya, Y., Kurokawa, H., Matsusaka, S., Sun, C.-W., Ozeki, Y., Goda, K. 2020 Virtual-freezing fluorescence imaging flow cytometry. Nat. Commun., 6, 1162 (article ID). Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 32139684 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14929-2 Zhu, J. & Wakisaka, M. 2020 Effect of two lignocellulose related sugar alcohols on the growth andmetabolites biosynthesis of Euglena gracilis. Bioresour. Technol., 303, 122950 (article ID). Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Mannitol; Xylitol; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Multivariate analy Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 32045866 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122950 Karpf, S., Riche, C. T., Di Carlo, D., Goel, A., Zeiger, W. A., Suresh, A., Portera-Cailliau, C., Jalali, B. 2020 Spectro-temporal encoded multiphoton microscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging at kilohertz frame-rates. Nat. Commun., 11, 2062 (article ID). Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 32346060 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15618-w Isozaki, A., Nakagawa, Y., Loo, M. H., Shibata, Y., Tanaka, N., Setyaningrum, D. L., Park, J.-W., Shirasaki, Y., Mikami, H., Huang, D., Tsoi, H., Riche, C. T., Ota, T., Miwa, H., Kanda, Y., Ito, T., Yamada, K., Iwata, O., Suzuki, K., Ohnuki, S., Ohya, Y., Kato, Y., Hasunuma, T., Matsusaka, S., Yamagishi, M., Yazawa, M., Uemura, S., Nagasawa, K., ,Watarai, H. Di Carlo, D., Goda, K. 2020 Sequentially addressable dielectrophoretic array for high-throughput sorting of large-volume biological compartments. Sci. Adv., 6, eaba6712 (article ID). Strain(s): 48, 4141 PubMed: 32524002 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba6712 Nitta, N. et al. 2020 Raman image-activated cell sorting. Nat. Commun., 11, 3452 (article ID). Strain(s): 48, 2293, 2463, 3640 PubMed: 32651381 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17285-3 Demura, M. 2020 Biomass productivity and paramylon content of 3 strains of Euglena gracilis. Bull. Fac. Agr., Saga Univ., 105, 1-7 (in Japanese with English summary). Keywords: Euglena; paramylon; biomass productivity; cost Strain(s): 47, 48, 49 Tomita, Y., Takeya, M., Suzuki, K., Nitta, N., Higuchi, C., Marukawa-Hashimoto, Y., Osanai, T. 2019 Amino acid excretion from Euglena gracilis cells in dark and anaerobic conditions. Algal Res., 37, 169-177. Keywords: Amino acid; Anaerobic conditions; Euglena gracilis; Fermentation; Glutamate; Glutamine; Metabolite analysis Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.11.017 Hiramatsu, K., Ideguchi, T., Yonamine, Y., Lee, S. W., Luo, Y., Hashimoto, K., Ito, T., Hase, M., Park, J.-W., Kasai, Y., Sakuma, S., Hayakawa, T., Arai, F., Hoshino, Y., Goda, K. 2019 High-throughput label-free molecular fingerprinting flow cytometry. Sci. Adv., 5, eaau0241 (article ID). Strain(s): 48, 144, 4141 PubMed: 30746443 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau0241 Zhu, J., Hong, D. D., Wakisaka, M. 2019 Phytic acid extracted from rice bran as a growth promoter for Euglena gracilis. Open Chem., 17, 57-63. Keywords: phytic acid; Euglena gracilis; photosynthetic pigments; cell morphology Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1515/chem-2019-0006 Nomura, T., Inoue, K., Uehara-Yamaguchi, Y., Yamada, K., Iwata, O., Suzuki, K., Mochida, K. 2019 Highly efficient transgene‐free targeted mutagenesis and single‐stranded oligodeoxynucleotide‐mediated precise knock‐in in the industrial microalga Euglena gracilis using Cas9 ribonucleoproteins. Plant Biotechnol. J., 17, 2032-2034. Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Microalgae; genome editing; ribonucleoproteins; CRISPR/Cas9; transgene free; knock-in; single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 31131534 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13174 Beneragama, C. K., Chamara, R. M. S. R., Kumara, G. D. K., Goto, K. 2019 Intraspecific plasticity in circadian rhythms within Euglena gracilis Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol., 7, 207-216. Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Circadian rhythms; Intraspecific Plasticity Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.3126/ijasbt.v7i2.24278 Toyama, T., Hanaoka, T., Yamada, K., Suzuki, K., Tanaka, Y., Morikawa, M., Mori, K. 2019 Enhanced production of biomass and lipids by Euglena gracilis via co-culturing with a microalga growth-promoting bacterium, Emticicia sp. EG3. Biotechnol. Biofuels, 12, 205 Keywords: Biomass production; Euglena gracilis; Growth-promoting bacteria; Lipid production; Wastewater effluent Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 31695747 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1544-2 Zhu, J. & Wakisaka, M. 2018 Growth promotion of Euglena gracilis by ferulic acid from rice bran. AMB Express, 8, 16 (article ID). Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Ferulic acid; Paramylon; Photosynthetic pigments Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 29423882 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0547-x Nakamura, M., Yamagiwa, Y., HigashiuraA, N., Tokino, S., Maeda, T. 2018 Fundamental study on application of the newly isolated Euglena to wastewater treatment. Jpn. J. Water Treat. Biol., 54, 39-46 (in Japanese with English summary). Keywords: Euglena; growth rate; wastewater treatmen Strain(s): 47, 48, 49 DOI: 10.2521/jswtb.54.39 Wang, Y., Seppänen-Laakso, T., Rischer, H., Wiebe, M. G. 2018 Euglena gracilis growth and cell composition under different temperature, light and trophic conditions. PLoS One, 13, e0195329 (article ID). Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 29649233 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195329 Lei, C., Kobayashi, H., Wu, Y., Li, M., Isozaki, A., Yasumoto, A., Mikami, H., Ito, T., Nitta, N., Sugimura, T., Yamada, M., Yatomi, Y., Di Carlo, D., Ozeki, Y., Goda, K. 2018 High-throughput imaging flow cytometry by optofluidic time-stretch microscopy. Nat. Protoc., 13, 1603-1631. Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 29976951 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-018-0008-7 Toyama, T., Kasuya, M., Hanaoka, T., Kobayashi, N., Tanaka, Y., Inoue, D., Sei, K., Morikawa, M., Mori, K. 2018 Growth promotion of three microalgae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlorella vulgaris and Euglena gracilis, by in situ indigenous bacteria in wastewater efuent. Biotechnol. Biofuels, 11, 176 (article ID). Keywords: Microalgae; Wastewater efuent; Enhanced biomass production; Microalgae growth-promoting bacteria Strain(s): 48, 2172, 2235 PubMed: 29983739 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1174-0 Muñoz, H. E, Li, M., Riche, C. T., Nitta, N., Diebold, E., Lin, J., Owsley, K., Bahr, M., Goda, K., Di Carlo, D. 2018 Single-cell analysis of morphological and metabolic heterogeneity in Euglena gracilis by fluorescence imaging flow cytometry. Anal. Chem., 90, 11280–11289. Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 30138557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01794 Li, M., van Zee, M., Riche, C. T., Tofig, B., Gallaher, S. D., Merchant, S. S., Damoiseaux, R., Goda, K., Di Carlo, D. 2018 A gelatin microdroplet platform for high‐throughput sorting of hyperproducing single‐cell‐derived microalgal clones. Small, 14, 1803315 (article ID). Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 30369052 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201803315 Kuroda, M., Horino, T., Inoue, D., Morikawa, M., Ike, M. 2018 Biomass production and nutrient removal through cultivation of Euglena gracilis in domestic wastewater. Jpn. J. Water Treat. Biol., 54, 105-113. Keywords: Euglena gracilis; biomass production; domestic wastewater; nutrient removal Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.2521/jswtb.54.105 Hayakawa, T., Akita, Y., Arai, F. 2018 Parallel trapping of single motile cells based on vibration‑induced flow. Microfluid. Nanofluid., 22, 42 (article ID). Keywords: Acoustofluidics; Cell manipulation; On-chip cell Manipulation; Vibration-induced flow; Motile cells Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1007/s1040 4-018-2062-4 Miura, T., Mikami, H., Isozaki, A., Ito, T., Ozeki, Y., Goda, K. 2018 On-chip light-sheet fluorescence imaging flow cytometry at a high flow speed of 1 m/s. Biomed. Opt. Express, 9, 3424-3433. Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 29984107 DOI: 10.1364/BOE.9.003424 Li, M., van Zee, M., Goda, K., Di Carlo, D. 2018 Size-based sorting of hydrogel droplets using inertial microfluidics. Lab Chip, 18, 2575-2582. Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 30046787 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00568k Shibakami, M. & Sohma, M. 2018 Thermal, crystalline, and pressure-sensitive adhesive properties of paramylon monoesters derived from an euglenoid polysaccharide. Carbohydr. Polym., 200, 239-247. Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 30177162 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.08.005 Shibakami, M. & Sohma, M. 2017 Synthesis and thermal properties of paramylon mixed esters and optical, mechanical, and crystal properties of their hot-pressed films. Carbohydr. Polym., 155, 416-424. Keywords: Paramylon; β-1,3-glucan; Thermoplastic; Acylation; Euglena Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.08.093 Shimakawa, G., Matsuda, Y., Nakajima, K., Tamoi, M., Shigeoka, S., Miyake, C. 2017 Diverse strategies of O₂ usage for preventing photo-oxidative damage under CO₂ limitation during algal photosynthesis. Sci Rep., 7, 41022 (article ID). Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 28106164 DOI: 10.1038/srep41022 Guo, B., Lei, C., Ito, T., Yaxiaer, Y., Kobayashi, H., Jiang, Y., Tanaka, Y., Ozeki, Y., Goda, K. 2017 High-throughput label-free screening of Euglena gracilis with optofluidic time-stretch quantitative phase microscopy. Proc. of SPIE, 10076 Keywords: high-throughput screening; biofuel; Euglena gracilis; global warming; microfluidics; optofluidics; single-cell analysis; quantitative phase microscopy Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1117/12.2251157 Yonamine, Y., Suzuki, Y., Ito, T., Miura, Y., Goda, K., Ozeki, Y., Hoshino, Y. 2017 Monitoring photosynthetic activity in microalgal cells by Raman spectroscopy with deuterium oxide as a tracking probe. ChemBioChem, 18, 2063–2068. Keywords: Biological activity; Deuterium; Metabolism; Photosynthesis; Raman spectroscopy Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 28805994 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700314 Li, M., Muñoz, H. E., Goda, K., Di Carlo, D. 2017 Shape-based separation of microalga Euglena gracilis using inertial microfluidics. Sci Rep, 7, 10802 (article ID). Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 28883551 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10452-5 Guo, B., Lei, C., Kobayashi, H., Ito, T., Yalikun, Y., Jiang, Y., Tanaka, Y., Ozeki, Y., Goda. K. 2017 High-throughput, label-free, single-cell, microalgal lipid screening by machine-learning-equipped optofluidic time-stretch quantitative phase microscopy. Cytom. Part A, 91, 494-502. Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 2839932 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23084 Aida, T. M., Nonaka, T., Fukuda, S., Kujiraoka, H., Kumagai, Y., Maruta, R., Ota, M., Suzuki, I., Watanabe, M. M., Inomata, H., Smith Jr., R. L. 2016 Nutrient recovery from municipal sludge for microalgae cultivation with two-step hydrothermal liquefaction. Algal Res., 18, 61-68. Keywords: Biosolid treatment process; High temperature water; Internal recycle; Wastewater treatment; Microalgae cultivation Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.06.009 Park, J-W., Kim, S. H., Ito, T.,Fujii, T., Kim, S. Y., Laurell, T., Lee, S. W., Goda, K. 2016 Acoustofluidic harvesting of microalgae on a single chip. Biomicrofluidics, 10, 034119 (article ID). Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 27462380 DOI: 10.1063/1.4954744 Wakisaka, Y., Suzuki, Y., Iwata, O., Nakashima, A., Ito, T., Hirose, M., Domon, R., Sugawara, M., Tsumura, N., Watarai, H., Shimobaba, T., Suzuki, K., Goda, K., Ozeki, Y. 2016 Probing the metabolic heterogeneity of live Euglena gracilis with stimulated Raman scattering microscopy. Nature Microbiology, 1, 16124 (article ID). Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 27670110 DOI: 10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.124 Guo, B., Lei, C., Ito, T., Jiang, Y., Ozeki, Y., Goda, K. 2016 High-throughput accurate single-cell screening of Euglena gracilis with fluorescence-assisted optofluidic time-stretch microscopy. PLoS One, 11, e0166214 (article ID). Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 27846239 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166214 Tomita, Y., Yoshioka, K., Iijima, H., Nakashima, A., Iwata, O., Suzuki, K., Hasunuma, T., Kondo, A., Yokota-Hirai, M., Osanai, T. 2016 Succinate and lactate production from Euglena gracilis during dark, anaerobic conditions. Front. Microbiol., 7, 2050 (article ID). Keywords: biorefinery; Euglena; lactate; microalgae; succinate Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 28066371 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02050 Suzuki, K., Mitra, S., Iwata, O., Ishikawa, T., Kato, S., Yamada, K. 2015 Selection and characterization of Euglena anabaena var. minor as a new candidate Euglena species for industrial application. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 79, 1730-1736. Keywords: Euglena anabaena var. minor; Euglena gracilis; paramylon Strain(s): 48, 3745 PubMed: 25988946 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1045828 Ogawa, T., Tamoi, M., Kimura, A., Mine, A., Sakuyama, H., Yoshida, E., Maruta, T., Suzuki, K., Ishikawa, T., Shigeoka, S. 2015 Enhancement of photosynthetic capacity in Euglena gracilis by expression of cyanobacterial fructose-1,6-/sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase leads to increases in biomass and wax ester production. Biotechnol. Biofuels, 8, 80 (article ID). Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Biofuel; Wax ester; Paramylon; Biomass; fructose-1,6-/sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase; Photosynthesis Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 26056534 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-015-0264-5 Ogawa, Y., Noda, K., Kimura, S., Kitaoka, M., Wada, M. 2014 Facile preparation of highly crystalline lamellae of (1 → 3)-B-D-glucanusing an extract of Euglena gracilis. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 64, 415-419. Keywords: (1 → 3)-B-D-Glucan; In vitro synthesis; Laminaribiose phosphorylasea Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 24374085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.12.027 Kobayashi, K., Kimura, S., Togawa, E., Wada, M. 2013 Thermal expansion behavior of hydrate paramylon in the low-temperature region. Carbohydr. Polym., 91, 543-548. Keywords: Paramylon; (1 → 3)-B-D-Glucan; Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction; Solid-state ¹³C NMR; Thermal expansion; Phase transition Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 23121943 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.08.067 Wakahama, T., Laza-Martínez, A., Mohd Taha., A.I.B.H., Okuyama, H., Yoshida, K., Kogame, K., Awai, K., Kawachi, M., Maoka, T., Takaichi, S. 2012 Structural confirmation of a unique carothenoid lactoside, P457, in Symbiodinium sp. strain NBRC 104787 isolated from a sea anemone and ITS distribution in dinoflagellates and various marine organisms. J. Phycol., 48, 1392-1402. Keywords: carotenoid; dinoflagellates; P457; peridinin; Symbiodinium; symbiosis Strain(s): 48, 1409, 2638, 2639, 2640, 2642, 2746 PubMed: 27009990 DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2012.01219.x Shibakami, M., Sohma, M., Hayashi, M. 2012 Fabrication of doughnut-shaped particles from spheroidal paramylon granules of Euglena gracilis using acetylation reaction. Carbohydr. Polym., 87, 452-456. Keywords: Paramylon; B-1,3-Glucan; Paramylon doughnuts; Euglena gracilis; Acetylation Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.012 Maruyama, S., Misawa, K., Iseki, M., Watanabe, M., Nozaki, H. 2008 Origins of a cyanobacterial 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in plastid-lacking eukaryotes. BMC Evol. Biol., 8, 151 (article ID). Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 18485228 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-8-151 Makiuchi, T., Nara, T., Annoura, T., Hashimoto, T., Aoki, T. 2007 Occurrence of multiple, independent gene fusion events for the fifth and sixth enzymes of pyrimidine biosynthesis in different eukaryotic groups. Gene, 394(1-2), 78-86. Keywords: gene fusion; de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis; lateral gene transfer; evolutionary marker Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2007.02.009 Takahashi, A., Shibata, N., Nishikawa, S., Ohnishi, K., Ishioka, N., Ohnishi, T. 2006 UV-B light induces an adaptive response to UV-C exposure via photoreactivation activity in Euglena gracilis. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 5, 467-471. Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 16685323 DOI: 10.1039/b601971d Yoshikawa, S., Suzuki, T., Watanabe, M., Iseki, M. 2005 Kinetic analysis of the activation of photoactivated adenylyl cyclase (PAC), a blue-light receptor for photomovements of Euglena. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 4, 727-731. Strain(s): 48 Annoura, T., Nara, T., Makiuchi, T., Hashimoto, T., Aoki, T. 2005 The origin of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase genes of kinetoplastids, with special reference to their biological significance and adaptation to anaerobic, parasitic conditions. J. Mol. Evol., 60, 113-127. Keywords: Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase; Trypanosoma cruzi Bodonid; Kinetoplastid; Euglenozoa; Phylogenetic tree; Gene fusion; Horizontal gene transfer; Anaerobiosis Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 15696374 DOI: 10.1007/s00239-004-0078-8 Koumura, Y., Suzuki, T., Yoshikawa, S., Watanabe, M., Iseki, M. 2004 The origin of photoactivated adenylyl cyclase (PAC), the Euglena blue-light receptor: phylogenetic analysis of orthologues of PAC subunits from several euglenoids and trypanosome-type adenylyl cyclases from Euglena gracilis. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 3, 580-586. Strain(s): 48, 381 PubMed: 5170488 DOI: 10.1039/b316075k Lu, J., Takeuchi, T., Satoh, H. 2004 Ingestion and assimilation of three species of freshwater algae by larval tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Aquaculture, 238, 437-449. Keywords: carbon assimilation; closed ecological recirculating aquaculture system (CERAS); Chlorella; 14C labeling; Euglena; ingestion; Oreochromis niloticus; Spirulina Strain(s): 39, 48, 641 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.05.002 Iseki, M., Matsunaga, S., Murakami, A., Ohno, K., Shiga, K., Yoshida, K., Sugai, M., Takahashi, T., Hori, T., Watanabe, M. 2002 A blue-light-activated adenylyl cyclase mediates photoavoidance in Euglena gracilis. Nature, 415, 1047-1051. Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 11875575 DOI: 10.1038/4151047a Matsunaga, S., Takahashi, T., Watanabe, M., Sugai, M., Hori, T. 1999 Control by ammonium ion of the change from step-up to step-down photophobically responding cells in the flagellate alga Euglena gracilis. Plant Cell Physiol., 40, 213-221. Keywords: ammonium ion; blue light; Euglena; greening; photophobic responses Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a029530 Matsunaga, S., Hori, T., Takahashi, T., Kubota, M., Watanabe, M., Okamoto, K., Masuda, K., Sugai, M. 1998 Discovery of signaling effect of UV-B/C light in the extended UV-A/blue-type action spectra for step-down and step-up photo-phobic responses in the unicellular flagellate alga Euglena gracilis. Protoplasma, 201, 45-52. Keywords: action spectra; blue light; Euglena; photophobic responses; ultraviolet light Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1007/BF01280710 Yuki-jirushi [Snow Brand] Milk Products Co.Ltd., Showa Denko K.K. 1992 Separation and purification of useful substances from Euglena [Euglena kara no yûyô-busshitsu no Bunri Seisei]. In The Advanced Technology of the Separation and Purification of the Materials for Physiologically Functional Foods and Their Development [Kinôsei Shokuhin Sozai no Kôdo Bunri Seisei to Kaihatsu], Ed. and published by The Japanese Research and Development Association for the High Separation System in Food Industry [Shokuhin Sangyô Hai-separêshon Sisutemu Gijutu Kenkyû Kumiai], Tokyo, pp. 363-382 (in Japanese). Strain(s): 48 Toda, H., Yazawa, M., Yagi, K. 1992 Amino acid sequence of calmodulin from Euglena gracilis. Eur. J. Biochem., 205, 653-660. Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb16824.x Iwata, H., Haji, A., Hashimoto, K., Mitsuyanagi, K., Kanegae, Y. 1991 Methods for producing heat-unsoluble β-1,3-glucan [Kanetsu gyôkosei β-1,3-glucan no seizôhô]. In Nippon-koku Tokkyo-chô (JP), Kôkai Tokkyo Kôhô (A), Hei3-163102, 5 pp. (in Japanese). Strain(s): 47, 48, 49 Nakajima, T., Takahashi, M. 1991 A photo-bioreactor using algal phototaxis for solids-liquid separation. Water Res., 25, 1243-1247. Keywords: wastewater treatment; microalgae; Euglena gracilis; phototaxis; solids-liquid separation; bioreactor; photo-clarifier Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1016/0043-1354(91)90063-V Osafune, T., Yokota, A., Sumida, S., Hase, E. 1990 Immunogold localization of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase with reference to pyrenoid morphology in chloroplasts of synchronized Euglena gracilis cells. Plant Physiol., 92, 802-808. Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 16667352 DOI: 10.1104/pp.92.3.802 Osafune, T., Ehara, T., Ito, A., Hase, E. 1990 Incorporation of cytoplasmic structures by developing proplastids in dark-grown Euglena gracilis cells transferred to an inorganic medium in darkness. J. Electr. Microsc., 39, 168-171. Keywords: Euglena gracilis; dark proplastid development; incorporation; cytoplasmic structure Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jmicro.a050798 Osafune, T., Sumida, S., Ehara, T., Kodama, M., Hase, E. 1990 Immunoelectron microscopic evidence for the occurrence of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in "propyrenoids" of Euglena gracilis. J. Electr. Microsc., 39, 101-104. Keywords: chloroplast development; Euglena; propyrenoid; ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase; immunocytochemistry Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jmicro.a050782 Osafune, T., Schiff. J. A., Hase, E. 1990 Immunogold localization of LHCP II apoprotein in the Golgi of Euglena. Cell Struct. Funct., 15, 99-105. Keywords: Euglena; Golgi apparatus; immunogold localization; LHCP II Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1247/csf.15.99 Tsuzuki, M., Ohnuma, E., Sato, N., Takaku, T., Kawaguchi, A. 1990 Effects of CO₂ concentration during growth on fatty acid composition in microalgae. Plant Physiol., 93, 851-856. Strain(s): 48, 2093, 2138, 2160, 2235 PubMed: 1666759 DOI: 10.1104/pp.93.3.851 Osafune, T., Ehara, T., Tahara, M., Hase, E. 1990 Effects of blue and red light on chloroplast development in dark-grown wax-rich cells of Euglena gracilis transferred to inorganic medium. J. Electr. Microsc., 39, 254-259. Keywords: Euglena gracilis; blue and red light; chloroplast development Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jmicro.a050812 Ehara, T., Osafune, T., Hase, E. 1990 Interactions between the nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles during the cell cycle of Euglena gracilis in synchronized cultures. Exp. Cell Res., 190, 104-112. Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(90)90150-9 Osafune, T., Sumida, S., Ehara, T., Hase, E. 1989 Three-dimensional distribution of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in chloroplasts of actively photosynthesizing cell of Euglena gracilis. J. Electr. Microsc., 38, 399-402. Keywords: Euglena gracilis Z; immunoelectron microscopy; chloroplast; RuBisCO; three-dimensional distribution Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jmicro.a050755 Maruyama, I., Ando, Y., Maeda, T., Hirayama, K. 1989 Uptake of vitamin B₁₂ by various strains of unicellular algae Chlorella. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 55, 1785-1790. Strain(s): 48, 226, 687, 2157, 2169, 2175 Tani, Y. & Tsumura, H. 1989 Screening for tocopherol-producing microorganisms and α-tocopherol production by Euglena gracilis Z. Agric. Biol. Chem., 53, 305-312. Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1271/bbb1961.53.305 Ehara, T., Sumida, S., Osafune, T. 1988 Dynamic morphological changes of organelles in Euglena gracilis Z. J. Tokyo Med. Coll., 46, 420-431. Strain(s): 48 Suzuki, E., Tsuzuki, M., Miyachi, S. 1987 Photosynthetic characteristics of chloroplasts isolated from Euglena gracilis Z grown photoautotrophically. Plant Cell Physiol., 28, 1377-1388. Keywords: carbon dioxide concentration; Euglena gracilis Z; isolated chloroplast; photoautotrophic growth; photosynthetic carbon fixation Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a077429 Yokota, A. & Kitaoka, S. 1987 The mechanism of induction of glycolate excretion by aminooxyacetate in low CO₂-grown Euglena gracilis Z. Agric. Biol. Chem., 51, 665-670. Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1080/00021369.1987.10868087 Yokota, A. & Kitaoka, S. 1987 Rates of glycolate synthesis and metabolism during photosynthesis of Euglena and microalgae grown on low CO₂. Planta, 170, 181-189. Keywords: aminooxyacetate; Chlorophyta (microalgae); CO2-concentrating mechanism; cyanobacteria; Euglena; glycolate excretion; photosynthesis (CO2-concentrating mechanism) Strain(s): 48 PubMed: 24232876 DOI: 10.1007/BF00397886 Suzuki, E., Tsuzuki, M., Miyachi, S. 1986 Accumlation of inorganic carbon in the cells of Euglena gracilis Z grown photoautotrophically in ordinary air. Plant Cell Physiol., 27, 1205-1208. Keywords: Euglena gracilis Z; intracellular inorganic carbon accumulation; photosynthesis Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a077207 Tsukada, S., Ehara, T., Sumida, S., Osafune, T., Hase, E. 1986 Behaviour of proplastids and their nucleoids in dark-organotrophically grown cells of Euglena gracilis transferred to an inorganic medium. Br. Phycol. J., 21, 155-163. Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1080/00071618600650181 Yokota, A. & Kitaoka, S. 1986 A method for determination of glyoxylate with pumpkin isocitrate lyase and its application to photosynthesizing Euglena gracilis Z. Plant Sci., 46, 97-101. Keywords: determination of glyoxylate; pumpkin isocitrate lyase; Euglena gracilis Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1016/0168-9452(86)90115-9 Osafune, T., Ehara, T., Sumida, S., Hase, E. 1985 Interactions between the nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles durihg the cell cycle of Euglena gracilis in synchronized cultures. II. Associations between the nucleus and chloroplasts at an early stage of the cell cycle under photoautotrophic conditions. Plant Cell Physiol., 26, 263-270. Keywords: cell cycle; chloroplast nucleoid; chloroplast-nucleus connection; chromosome; Euglena gracilis Strain(s): 48 Ehara, T., Osafune, T., Hase, E. 1985 Interactions between the nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles durihg the cell cycle of Euglena gracilis in synchronized cultures. III. Associations between the nucleus and chloroplasts at an early stage of the cell cycle under photoorganotrophic conditions (part II). Plant Cell Physiol., 26, 1155-1165. Keywords: cell cycle; chloroplast-nucleus association; chloroplast-nucleoid; Euglena gracilis; three-dimensional chloroplast model Strain(s): 48 Ehara, T., Sumida, S., Osafune, T., Hase, E. 1984 Interactions between the nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles during the cell cycle of Euglena gracilis in cynchronized cultures. I. Associations between the nucleus and chloroplasts at an early stage in the cell cycle under photoorganotrophic conditions (Part I). Plant Cell Physiol., 25, 1133-1146. Keywords: cell cycle; chloroplast-nucleus association; chloroplast-nucleoid; chromosome; Euglena gracilis Strain(s): 48 Hashimoto, H. & Murakami, S. 1983 Effects of cycloheximide and chloramphenicol on chloroplast replication in synchronously dividing cultured cells of Euglena gracilis. New Phytol., 94, 521-529. Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1983.tb04861.x Hashimoto, H. & Murakami, S. 1982 Changes in morphology and ultrastructure of chloroplast along its division cycle in Euglena gracilis cultured synchronously under photoautotrophic condition. Scientific Papers of the College of General Education, Univ. of Tokyo, 32, 55-64. Strain(s): 48 Hashimoto, H. & Murakami, S. 1982 Chloroplast replication and loss of chloroplast DNA induced by nalidixic acid in Euglena gracilis. Cell Struct. Funct., 7, 111-120. Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1247/csf.7.111 Ichimura, T. & Itoh, T. 1977 17. Preservation methods of microalgae (I) [17. Bisaisôrui no hozonhô (I)]. In Preservation methods of microorganisms [Biseibutsu Hozonhô], Ed. by Nei, T., University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, pp. 355-373 (in Japanese). Strain(s): 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 122, 123, 127, 131, 144, 152, 173, 175, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 185, 198, 200, 203, 206, 217, 226, 227, 241, 266, 267, 268, 295, 309, 310, 334, 338, 379, 436, 448, 450, 455, 527 Shihira-Ishikawa, I., Osafune, T., Ehara, T., Ohkuro, I., Hase, E. 1977 An early light-independent phase of chloroplast development in dark-grown cells of Euglena gracilis Z. I. Dependence of the plastid development on previous culture conditions. Plant Cell Physiol., *Spec. Iss. (Photosynthetic Organelles), 445-454. Strain(s): 48 Ehara, T., Shihira-Ishikawa, I., Osafune, T., Hase, E., Ohkuro, I. 1975 Some structural characteristics of chloroplast degeneration in cells of Euglena gracilis* Z during their heterotrophic growth in darkness. J. Electron Microscopy, 24, 253-261. Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jmicro.a049978 Ikushima, T. 1975 Action of furylfuramide (AF-2) on chloroplasts of Euglena gracilis. Annu. Rep. Res. Reactor Inst. Kyoto Univ., 8, 83-85. Strain(s): 48 Osafune, T., Mihara, S., Hase, E., Ohkuro, I. 1975 Formation and division of giant mitochondria during the cell cycle of Euglena gracilis Z in synchronous culture. I. Some characteristics of changes in the morphology of mitochondria and oxygen-uptake activity of cells. Plant Cell Physiol., 16, 313-326. Strain(s): 48 Osafune, T., Mihara, S., Hase, E., Ohkuro, I. 1975 Formation and division of giant mitochondria during the cell cycle of Euglena gracilis Z in synchronous culture. II. Modes of division of giant mitochondria. J. Electron Microscopy, 24, 33-39. Strain(s): 48 Osafune, T., Mihara, S., Hase, E., Ohkuro, I. 1975 Formation and division of giant mitochondria during the cell cycle of Euglena gracilis Z in synchronous culture. III. Three-dimensional structures of mitochondria after division of giant forms. J. Electron Microscopy, 24, 283-286. Strain(s): 48 Tsubo, Y. 1975 Formation of colorless cells in algae. In Advance of Phycology in Japan, Eds. by Tokida, J. & Hirose, H., VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, pp. 180-193. Strain(s): 48 Osafune, T. 1973 Three-dimensional structures of giant mitochondria, dictyosomes and “concentric lamellar bodies” formed during the cell cycle of Euglena gracilis (Z) in synchronous culture. J. Electron Microscopy, 22, 51-61. Strain(s): 48 Tsubo, Y., Ueda, T., Yokomura, E. 1971 Chloroplast autonomy revealed by nutritionally controlled Euglena gracilis. In Proceedings of the Seventh International Seaweed Symposium, University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, p. 336-338. Strain(s): 48 Miyoshi, Y. & Tsubo, Y. 1969 Permanent bleaching of Euglena by chloramphenicol. Plant Cell Physiol., 10, 221-225. Strain(s): 48 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a074389 Murano, F. & Fujita, Y. 1967 Comparative studies of photochemical oxidation-reduction reactions in lamellar fragments of various algae and spinach. Plant Cell Physiol., 8, 673-682. Strain(s): 19, 21, 37, 48 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a079302 Tamiya, H. 1963 Cell differentiation in Chlorella. In Cell Differentiation: Symposium of the Society for Experimental Biology, XVII, pp. 188-214. Strain(s): 48, 2170

Reference

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DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103391

Imamura, S., Yamada, K., Takebe, H., Kiuchi, R., Iwashita, H., Toyokawa, C., Suzuki, K., Sakurai, A., Takaya, K. 2024 Optimal conditions of algal breeding using neutral beam and applying it to breed Euglena gracilis strains with improved lipid accumulation. Sci Rep, 14, 14716 (article ID).
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Fukuda, M., Kinkawa, M., Hayashi, M. 2024 Fed-batch cultivation of Euglena gracilis for the high-yield production and GPC-assisted molecular weight determination of paramylon. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 88, 206–211.
Keywords: paramylon; Euglena gracilis; molecular weight
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 37974047
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Zhu, J., Tan, X., Hafid, H. S., Wakisaka, M. 2023 A novel strategy to promote microalgal growth and lipid productivity by supplementation of lignin related phenolic elicitors. Fuel, 334, 126775 (article ID).
Keywords: Microalgae; Phenolic elicitors; Cell morphology; Photosynthesis; Lipids
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Takahashi, Y., Shimamoto, K., Toyokawa, C., Suzuki, K., Osanai, T. 2023 Gravity sedimentation of eukaryotic algae Euglena gracilis accelerated by ethanol cultivation. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 107, 3021–3032.
Keywords: Ethanol; Euglena gracilis; Microalgae; Sedimentation
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PubMed: 36941437
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Tamaki, S., Koshitsuka, Y., Miyamoto, K., Ishikawa, T., Shinomura, T. 2023 Chemical and genetic carotenoid deficiency delays growth in dark-grown Euglena gracilis. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 87, 491-500.
Keywords: Euglena gracilis; carotenoid; norflurazon; dark acclimation; posttranscriptional regulation
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PubMed: 36869792
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Ata, S. & Shibakami, M. 2023 Experimental and theoretical estimation of the Hansen solubility parameters of paramylon esters based on the degrees of substitution and chain lengths of their acyl groups. Biopolymer, 114, e23565 (article ID).
Keywords: acyl chain length; degree of substitution; Hansen solubility parameter; paramylon
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 37635653
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van Zee, M., de Rutte, J., Rumyan, R., Williamson, C., Burnes, T., Radakovits, R., Eugenio, A. S., Badih, S., Lee, S., Lee, D.-H., Archang, M., Di Carlo, D. 2022 High-throughput selection of cells based on accumulated growth and division using PicoShell particles. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 119, e2109430119 (article ID).
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Tang, T., Liu, X., Yuan, Y., Kiya, R., Shen, Y., Zhang, T., Suzuki, K., Tanaka, Y., Li, M., Hosokawa, Y., Yalikun, Y. 2022 Dual-frequency impedance assays for intracellular components in microalgal cells. Lab Chip, 22, 550-559.
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PubMed: 35072196
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Park, S., Lee, S., Kim, H. S., Choi, H. J., Jeong, O. C., Lin, R., Cho, Y., Lee, M.-H. 2022 Square microchannel enables to focus and orient ellipsoidal Euglena gracilis cells by two-dimensional acoustic standing wave. Microchim. Acta, 189, 331 (article ID).
Keywords: Acoustofluidics; Microalgae; Acoustic focusing; Microfluidics; Flow cytometry
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 35969307
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Hamana, K., Furuchi, T., Hayashi, H., Niitsu, M. 2022 Additional polyamine analysis of algal chlorarachniophytes, euglenophytes, haptophytes, cryptophytes, dinoflagellates, chromerids and heterokontophytes. —Polyamine analysis of algae IV— Microb. Resour. Syst., 38, 51-62.
Keywords: alga; chlorarachniophyte; chromerid; dinoflagellate; polyamine
Strain(s): 12, 47, 48, 253, 274, 276, 277, 282, 286, 304, 331, 381, 387, 463, 623, 624, 699, 706, 715, 741, 1443, 2145, 2146, 2149, 2351, 2433, 2535, 2584, 2588, 2635, 2677, 2716, 2728, 2860, 3576, 3745, 4060, 4109, 4280, 4391, 4392

Tang, T., Liu, X., Yuan, Y., Zhang, T., Kiya, R., Suzuki, K., Tanaka, Y., Li, M., Hosokawa, Y., Yalikum, Y. 2022 Impedance-based tracking of the loss of intracellular components in microalgae cells. Sens. Actuator B-Chem., 358, 131514 (article ID).
Keywords: Chloroplasts; Impedance cytometry; Interior components loss; Intracellular analysis; Single cell analysis
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2022.131514

Lindley, M., Gala de Pablo, J., Peterson, W., Isozaki, A., Hiramatsu, K., Goda, K. 2022 High-throughput raman-activated cell sorting in the fingerprint region. Adv. Mater. Technol., 7, 2101567 (article ID).
Strain(s): 48, 2175, 4141
DOI: 10.1002/admt.202101567

Tang, T., Liu, X., Yuan, Y., Zhang, T., Kiya, R., Yang, Y., Suzuki, K., Tanaka, Y., Li, M., Hosokawa, Y., Yalikum, Y. 2022 Assessment of the electrical penetration of cell membranes using four-frequency impedance cytometry. Microsyst. Nanoeng., 8, 68 (article ID).
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 35757522
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Zhu, J. & Wakisaka, M. 2021 Application of lignosulfonate as the growth promotor for freshwater microalga Euglena gracilis to increase productivity of biomass and lipids. Fuel, 283, 118920 (article ID).
Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Lignosulfonates; Photosynthetic pigment; Lipid accumulation; Multivariate analysis
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2020.118920

Zhu, J., Tan, X., Hafid, H. S., Wakisaka, M. 2021 Enhancement of biomass yield and lipid accumulation of freshwater microalga Euglena gracilis by phenolic compounds from basic structures of lignin. Bioresour. Technol., 321, 124441 (article ID).
Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Phenolic compounds; Lignin; Carotenoids; Lipid
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124441

Rubiyatno, R., Mori, K., Inoue, D., Kim, S., Yu, J., Lee, T., Ike, M., Toyama, T. 2021 Isolation and characterization of Euglena gracilis-associated bacteria, Enterobacter sp. CA3 and Emticicia sp. CN5, capable of promoting the growth and paramylon production of E. gracilis under mixotrophic cultivation. Microorganisms, 9, 1496 (article ID).
Keywords: Euglena gracilis; paramylon; associated bacteria; growth promotion; paramylon production promotion; co-culture; Emticicia sp.; Enterobacter sp.
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 34361931
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071496

Xu, M., Harmon, J., Yuan, D., Yan, S., Lei, C., Hiramatsu, K., Zhou, Y., Loo, M. H., Hasunuma, T., Isozaki, A., Goda, K. 2021 Morphological indicator for directed evolution of Euglena gracilis with a high heavy metal removal efficiency. Environ. Sci. Technol., 55, 7880-7889.
Keywords: microalgae; wastewater treatment; directed evolution; machine learning; single-cell analysis; imaging flow cytometry
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 33913704
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05278

Nagao, R., Yokono, M., Kato, K., Ueno, Y., Shen, J.-R., Akimoto, S. 2021 High‑light modification of excitation‑energy‑relaxation processes in the green fagellate Euglena gracilis. Photosynth. Res., 149, 303–311.
Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Time-resolved fuorescence; Photoprotection; Photosynthesis
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 34037905
DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00849-9

Kato, S. & Nam, H. G. 2021 The cell division cycle of Euglena gracilis indicates that the level of circadian plasticity to the external light regime changes in prolonged-stationary cultures. Plants-Basel, 10, 1475 (article ID).
Keywords: aging; cell division; circadian plasticity; Euglena gracilis; microalgae; T-cycle
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 34371678
DOI: 10.3390/plants10071475

Bhattad, T., Koradiya, A., Prakash, G. 2021 Prebiotic activity of paramylon isolated from heterotrophically grown Euglena gracilis. Heliyon, 7, e07884 (article ID).
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 34584997
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07884

Yonamine, Y., Asai, T., Suzuki, Y., Ito, T., Ozeki, Y., Hoshino, Y. 2021 Probing the biogenesis of polysaccharide granules in algal cells at sub-organellar resolution via raman microscopy with stable isotope labeling. Anal. Chem., 93, 16796–16803.
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 34870976
DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03216

Tan, X., Zhu, J., Wakisaka, M. 2021 Effect of phytochemical vanillic acid on the growth and lipid accumulation of freshwater microalga Euglena gracilis. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 37, 217 (article ID).
Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Vanillic acid; Growth; Photosynthetic pigments; Biochemical composition
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 34773155
DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03185-1

Rubiyatno, Matsui, T., Mori, K., Toyama, T. 2021 Paramylon production by Euglena gracilis via mixotrophic cultivation using sewage effluent and waste organic compounds. Bioresour. Technol. Reports, 15, 100735 (article ID).
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2021.100735

Yalikun, Y., Ota, N., Guo, B., Tang, T., Zhou, Y., Lei, C., Kobayashi, H., Hosokawa, Y., Li, M., Enrique Muñoz, H., Di Carlo, D., Goda, K., Tanaka Y. 2020 Effects of flow-induced microfluidic chip wall deformation on imaging flow cytometry. Cytom. Part A, 97, 909-920.
Keywords: glass microchannel; high-speed imaging flow cytometry; microchannel deformation effects; sample focusing
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 31856398
DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23944

Zhu, J. & Wakisaka, M. 2020 Finding of phytase: Understanding growth promotion mechanism of phytic acid to freshwater microalga Euglena gracilis. Bioresour. Technol., 296, 122343 (article ID).
Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Phytic acid; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Multivariate analysis; Phytas
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 31711907
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122343

Mikami, H., Kawaguchi, M., Huang, C.-J., Matsumura, H., Sugimura, T., Huang, K., Lei, C., Ueno, S., Miura, T., Ito, T., Nagasawa, K., Maeno, T., Watari, H., Yamagishi, M., Uemura, S., Ohnuki, S., Ohya, Y., Kurokawa, H., Matsusaka, S., Sun, C.-W., Ozeki, Y., Goda, K. 2020 Virtual-freezing fluorescence imaging flow cytometry. Nat. Commun., 6, 1162 (article ID).
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 32139684
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14929-2

Zhu, J. & Wakisaka, M. 2020 Effect of two lignocellulose related sugar alcohols on the growth andmetabolites biosynthesis of Euglena gracilis. Bioresour. Technol., 303, 122950 (article ID).
Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Mannitol; Xylitol; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Multivariate analy
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 32045866
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122950

Karpf, S., Riche, C. T., Di Carlo, D., Goel, A., Zeiger, W. A., Suresh, A., Portera-Cailliau, C., Jalali, B. 2020 Spectro-temporal encoded multiphoton microscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging at kilohertz frame-rates. Nat. Commun., 11, 2062 (article ID).
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 32346060
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15618-w

Isozaki, A., Nakagawa, Y., Loo, M. H., Shibata, Y., Tanaka, N., Setyaningrum, D. L., Park, J.-W., Shirasaki, Y., Mikami, H., Huang, D., Tsoi, H., Riche, C. T., Ota, T., Miwa, H., Kanda, Y., Ito, T., Yamada, K., Iwata, O., Suzuki, K., Ohnuki, S., Ohya, Y., Kato, Y., Hasunuma, T., Matsusaka, S., Yamagishi, M., Yazawa, M., Uemura, S., Nagasawa, K., ,Watarai, H. Di Carlo, D., Goda, K. 2020 Sequentially addressable dielectrophoretic array for high-throughput sorting of large-volume biological compartments. Sci. Adv., 6, eaba6712 (article ID).
Strain(s): 48, 4141
PubMed: 32524002
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba6712

Nitta, N. et al. 2020 Raman image-activated cell sorting. Nat. Commun., 11, 3452 (article ID).
Strain(s): 48, 2293, 2463, 3640
PubMed: 32651381
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17285-3

Demura, M. 2020 Biomass productivity and paramylon content of 3 strains of Euglena gracilis. Bull. Fac. Agr., Saga Univ., 105, 1-7 (in Japanese with English summary).
Keywords: Euglena; paramylon; biomass productivity; cost
Strain(s): 47, 48, 49

Tomita, Y., Takeya, M., Suzuki, K., Nitta, N., Higuchi, C., Marukawa-Hashimoto, Y., Osanai, T. 2019 Amino acid excretion from Euglena gracilis cells in dark and anaerobic conditions. Algal Res., 37, 169-177.
Keywords: Amino acid; Anaerobic conditions; Euglena gracilis; Fermentation; Glutamate; Glutamine; Metabolite analysis
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.11.017

Hiramatsu, K., Ideguchi, T., Yonamine, Y., Lee, S. W., Luo, Y., Hashimoto, K., Ito, T., Hase, M., Park, J.-W., Kasai, Y., Sakuma, S., Hayakawa, T., Arai, F., Hoshino, Y., Goda, K. 2019 High-throughput label-free molecular fingerprinting flow cytometry. Sci. Adv., 5, eaau0241 (article ID).
Strain(s): 48, 144, 4141
PubMed: 30746443
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau0241

Zhu, J., Hong, D. D., Wakisaka, M. 2019 Phytic acid extracted from rice bran as a growth promoter for Euglena gracilis. Open Chem., 17, 57-63.
Keywords: phytic acid; Euglena gracilis; photosynthetic pigments; cell morphology
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1515/chem-2019-0006

Nomura, T., Inoue, K., Uehara-Yamaguchi, Y., Yamada, K., Iwata, O., Suzuki, K., Mochida, K. 2019 Highly efficient transgene‐free targeted mutagenesis and single‐stranded oligodeoxynucleotide‐mediated precise knock‐in in the industrial microalga Euglena gracilis using Cas9 ribonucleoproteins. Plant Biotechnol. J., 17, 2032-2034.
Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Microalgae; genome editing; ribonucleoproteins; CRISPR/Cas9; transgene free; knock-in; single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 31131534
DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13174

Beneragama, C. K., Chamara, R. M. S. R., Kumara, G. D. K., Goto, K. 2019 Intraspecific plasticity in circadian rhythms within Euglena gracilis Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol., 7, 207-216.
Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Circadian rhythms; Intraspecific Plasticity
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.3126/ijasbt.v7i2.24278

Toyama, T., Hanaoka, T., Yamada, K., Suzuki, K., Tanaka, Y., Morikawa, M., Mori, K. 2019 Enhanced production of biomass and lipids by Euglena gracilis via co-culturing with a microalga growth-promoting bacterium, Emticicia sp. EG3. Biotechnol. Biofuels, 12, 205
Keywords: Biomass production; Euglena gracilis; Growth-promoting bacteria; Lipid production; Wastewater effluent
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 31695747
DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1544-2

Zhu, J. & Wakisaka, M. 2018 Growth promotion of Euglena gracilis by ferulic acid from rice bran. AMB Express, 8, 16 (article ID).
Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Ferulic acid; Paramylon; Photosynthetic pigments
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 29423882
DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0547-x

Nakamura, M., Yamagiwa, Y., HigashiuraA, N., Tokino, S., Maeda, T. 2018 Fundamental study on application of the newly isolated Euglena to wastewater treatment. Jpn. J. Water Treat. Biol., 54, 39-46 (in Japanese with English summary).
Keywords: Euglena; growth rate; wastewater treatmen
Strain(s): 47, 48, 49
DOI: 10.2521/jswtb.54.39

Wang, Y., Seppänen-Laakso, T., Rischer, H., Wiebe, M. G. 2018 Euglena gracilis growth and cell composition under different temperature, light and trophic conditions. PLoS One, 13, e0195329 (article ID).
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 29649233
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195329

Lei, C., Kobayashi, H., Wu, Y., Li, M., Isozaki, A., Yasumoto, A., Mikami, H., Ito, T., Nitta, N., Sugimura, T., Yamada, M., Yatomi, Y., Di Carlo, D., Ozeki, Y., Goda, K. 2018 High-throughput imaging flow cytometry by optofluidic time-stretch microscopy. Nat. Protoc., 13, 1603-1631.
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 29976951
DOI: 10.1038/s41596-018-0008-7

Toyama, T., Kasuya, M., Hanaoka, T., Kobayashi, N., Tanaka, Y., Inoue, D., Sei, K., Morikawa, M., Mori, K. 2018 Growth promotion of three microalgae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlorella vulgaris and Euglena gracilis, by in situ indigenous bacteria in wastewater efuent. Biotechnol. Biofuels, 11, 176 (article ID).
Keywords: Microalgae; Wastewater efuent; Enhanced biomass production; Microalgae growth-promoting bacteria
Strain(s): 48, 2172, 2235
PubMed: 29983739
DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1174-0

Muñoz, H. E, Li, M., Riche, C. T., Nitta, N., Diebold, E., Lin, J., Owsley, K., Bahr, M., Goda, K., Di Carlo, D. 2018 Single-cell analysis of morphological and metabolic heterogeneity in Euglena gracilis by fluorescence imaging flow cytometry. Anal. Chem., 90, 11280–11289.
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 30138557
DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01794

Li, M., van Zee, M., Riche, C. T., Tofig, B., Gallaher, S. D., Merchant, S. S., Damoiseaux, R., Goda, K., Di Carlo, D. 2018 A gelatin microdroplet platform for high‐throughput sorting of hyperproducing single‐cell‐derived microalgal clones. Small, 14, 1803315 (article ID).
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 30369052
DOI: 10.1002/smll.201803315

Kuroda, M., Horino, T., Inoue, D., Morikawa, M., Ike, M. 2018 Biomass production and nutrient removal through cultivation of Euglena gracilis in domestic wastewater. Jpn. J. Water Treat. Biol., 54, 105-113.
Keywords: Euglena gracilis; biomass production; domestic wastewater; nutrient removal
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.2521/jswtb.54.105

Hayakawa, T., Akita, Y., Arai, F. 2018 Parallel trapping of single motile cells based on vibration‑induced flow. Microfluid. Nanofluid., 22, 42 (article ID).
Keywords: Acoustofluidics; Cell manipulation; On-chip cell Manipulation; Vibration-induced flow; Motile cells
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1007/s1040 4-018-2062-4

Miura, T., Mikami, H., Isozaki, A., Ito, T., Ozeki, Y., Goda, K. 2018 On-chip light-sheet fluorescence imaging flow cytometry at a high flow speed of 1 m/s. Biomed. Opt. Express, 9, 3424-3433.
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 29984107
DOI: 10.1364/BOE.9.003424

Li, M., van Zee, M., Goda, K., Di Carlo, D. 2018 Size-based sorting of hydrogel droplets using inertial microfluidics. Lab Chip, 18, 2575-2582.
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 30046787
DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00568k

Shibakami, M. & Sohma, M. 2018 Thermal, crystalline, and pressure-sensitive adhesive properties of paramylon monoesters derived from an euglenoid polysaccharide. Carbohydr. Polym., 200, 239-247.
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 30177162
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.08.005

Shibakami, M. & Sohma, M. 2017 Synthesis and thermal properties of paramylon mixed esters and optical, mechanical, and crystal properties of their hot-pressed films. Carbohydr. Polym., 155, 416-424.
Keywords: Paramylon; β-1,3-glucan; Thermoplastic; Acylation; Euglena
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.08.093

Shimakawa, G., Matsuda, Y., Nakajima, K., Tamoi, M., Shigeoka, S., Miyake, C. 2017 Diverse strategies of O₂ usage for preventing photo-oxidative damage under CO₂ limitation during algal photosynthesis. Sci Rep., 7, 41022 (article ID).
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 28106164
DOI: 10.1038/srep41022

Guo, B., Lei, C., Ito, T., Yaxiaer, Y., Kobayashi, H., Jiang, Y., Tanaka, Y., Ozeki, Y., Goda, K. 2017 High-throughput label-free screening of Euglena gracilis with optofluidic time-stretch quantitative phase microscopy. Proc. of SPIE, 10076
Keywords: high-throughput screening; biofuel; Euglena gracilis; global warming; microfluidics; optofluidics; single-cell analysis; quantitative phase microscopy
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1117/12.2251157

Yonamine, Y., Suzuki, Y., Ito, T., Miura, Y., Goda, K., Ozeki, Y., Hoshino, Y. 2017 Monitoring photosynthetic activity in microalgal cells by Raman spectroscopy with deuterium oxide as a tracking probe. ChemBioChem, 18, 2063–2068.
Keywords: Biological activity; Deuterium; Metabolism; Photosynthesis; Raman spectroscopy
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 28805994
DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700314

Li, M., Muñoz, H. E., Goda, K., Di Carlo, D. 2017 Shape-based separation of microalga Euglena gracilis using inertial microfluidics. Sci Rep, 7, 10802 (article ID).
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 28883551
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10452-5

Guo, B., Lei, C., Kobayashi, H., Ito, T., Yalikun, Y., Jiang, Y., Tanaka, Y., Ozeki, Y., Goda. K. 2017 High-throughput, label-free, single-cell, microalgal lipid screening by machine-learning-equipped optofluidic time-stretch quantitative phase microscopy. Cytom. Part A, 91, 494-502.
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 2839932
DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23084

Aida, T. M., Nonaka, T., Fukuda, S., Kujiraoka, H., Kumagai, Y., Maruta, R., Ota, M., Suzuki, I., Watanabe, M. M., Inomata, H., Smith Jr., R. L. 2016 Nutrient recovery from municipal sludge for microalgae cultivation with two-step hydrothermal liquefaction. Algal Res., 18, 61-68.
Keywords: Biosolid treatment process; High temperature water; Internal recycle; Wastewater treatment; Microalgae cultivation
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.06.009

Park, J-W., Kim, S. H., Ito, T.,Fujii, T., Kim, S. Y., Laurell, T., Lee, S. W., Goda, K. 2016 Acoustofluidic harvesting of microalgae on a single chip. Biomicrofluidics, 10, 034119 (article ID).
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 27462380
DOI: 10.1063/1.4954744

Wakisaka, Y., Suzuki, Y., Iwata, O., Nakashima, A., Ito, T., Hirose, M., Domon, R., Sugawara, M., Tsumura, N., Watarai, H., Shimobaba, T., Suzuki, K., Goda, K., Ozeki, Y. 2016 Probing the metabolic heterogeneity of live Euglena gracilis with stimulated Raman scattering microscopy. Nature Microbiology, 1, 16124 (article ID).
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 27670110
DOI: 10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.124

Guo, B., Lei, C., Ito, T., Jiang, Y., Ozeki, Y., Goda, K. 2016 High-throughput accurate single-cell screening of Euglena gracilis with fluorescence-assisted optofluidic time-stretch microscopy. PLoS One, 11, e0166214 (article ID).
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 27846239
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166214

Tomita, Y., Yoshioka, K., Iijima, H., Nakashima, A., Iwata, O., Suzuki, K., Hasunuma, T., Kondo, A., Yokota-Hirai, M., Osanai, T. 2016 Succinate and lactate production from Euglena gracilis during dark, anaerobic conditions. Front. Microbiol., 7, 2050 (article ID).
Keywords: biorefinery; Euglena; lactate; microalgae; succinate
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 28066371
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02050

Suzuki, K., Mitra, S., Iwata, O., Ishikawa, T., Kato, S., Yamada, K. 2015 Selection and characterization of Euglena anabaena var. minor as a new candidate Euglena species for industrial application. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 79, 1730-1736.
Keywords: Euglena anabaena var. minor; Euglena gracilis; paramylon
Strain(s): 48, 3745
PubMed: 25988946
DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1045828

Ogawa, T., Tamoi, M., Kimura, A., Mine, A., Sakuyama, H., Yoshida, E., Maruta, T., Suzuki, K., Ishikawa, T., Shigeoka, S. 2015 Enhancement of photosynthetic capacity in Euglena gracilis by expression of cyanobacterial fructose-1,6-/sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase leads to increases in biomass and wax ester production. Biotechnol. Biofuels, 8, 80 (article ID).
Keywords: Euglena gracilis; Biofuel; Wax ester; Paramylon; Biomass; fructose-1,6-/sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase; Photosynthesis
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 26056534
DOI: 10.1186/s13068-015-0264-5

Ogawa, Y., Noda, K., Kimura, S., Kitaoka, M., Wada, M. 2014 Facile preparation of highly crystalline lamellae of (1 → 3)-B-D-glucanusing an extract of Euglena gracilis. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 64, 415-419.
Keywords: (1 → 3)-B-D-Glucan; In vitro synthesis; Laminaribiose phosphorylasea
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 24374085
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.12.027

Kobayashi, K., Kimura, S., Togawa, E., Wada, M. 2013 Thermal expansion behavior of hydrate paramylon in the low-temperature region. Carbohydr. Polym., 91, 543-548.
Keywords: Paramylon; (1 → 3)-B-D-Glucan; Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction; Solid-state ¹³C NMR; Thermal expansion; Phase transition
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 23121943
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.08.067

Wakahama, T., Laza-Martínez, A., Mohd Taha., A.I.B.H., Okuyama, H., Yoshida, K., Kogame, K., Awai, K., Kawachi, M., Maoka, T., Takaichi, S. 2012 Structural confirmation of a unique carothenoid lactoside, P457, in Symbiodinium sp. strain NBRC 104787 isolated from a sea anemone and ITS distribution in dinoflagellates and various marine organisms. J. Phycol., 48, 1392-1402.
Keywords: carotenoid; dinoflagellates; P457; peridinin; Symbiodinium; symbiosis
Strain(s): 48, 1409, 2638, 2639, 2640, 2642, 2746
PubMed: 27009990
DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2012.01219.x

Shibakami, M., Sohma, M., Hayashi, M. 2012 Fabrication of doughnut-shaped particles from spheroidal paramylon granules of Euglena gracilis using acetylation reaction. Carbohydr. Polym., 87, 452-456.
Keywords: Paramylon; B-1,3-Glucan; Paramylon doughnuts; Euglena gracilis; Acetylation
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.012

Maruyama, S., Misawa, K., Iseki, M., Watanabe, M., Nozaki, H. 2008 Origins of a cyanobacterial 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in plastid-lacking eukaryotes. BMC Evol. Biol., 8, 151 (article ID).
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 18485228
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-8-151

Makiuchi, T., Nara, T., Annoura, T., Hashimoto, T., Aoki, T. 2007 Occurrence of multiple, independent gene fusion events for the fifth and sixth enzymes of pyrimidine biosynthesis in different eukaryotic groups. Gene, 394(1-2), 78-86.
Keywords: gene fusion; de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis; lateral gene transfer; evolutionary marker
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2007.02.009

Takahashi, A., Shibata, N., Nishikawa, S., Ohnishi, K., Ishioka, N., Ohnishi, T. 2006 UV-B light induces an adaptive response to UV-C exposure via photoreactivation activity in Euglena gracilis. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 5, 467-471.
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 16685323
DOI: 10.1039/b601971d

Yoshikawa, S., Suzuki, T., Watanabe, M., Iseki, M. 2005 Kinetic analysis of the activation of photoactivated adenylyl cyclase (PAC), a blue-light receptor for photomovements of Euglena. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 4, 727-731.
Strain(s): 48

Annoura, T., Nara, T., Makiuchi, T., Hashimoto, T., Aoki, T. 2005 The origin of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase genes of kinetoplastids, with special reference to their biological significance and adaptation to anaerobic, parasitic conditions. J. Mol. Evol., 60, 113-127.
Keywords: Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase; Trypanosoma cruzi Bodonid; Kinetoplastid; Euglenozoa; Phylogenetic tree; Gene fusion; Horizontal gene transfer; Anaerobiosis
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 15696374
DOI: 10.1007/s00239-004-0078-8

Koumura, Y., Suzuki, T., Yoshikawa, S., Watanabe, M., Iseki, M. 2004 The origin of photoactivated adenylyl cyclase (PAC), the Euglena blue-light receptor: phylogenetic analysis of orthologues of PAC subunits from several euglenoids and trypanosome-type adenylyl cyclases from Euglena gracilis. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 3, 580-586.
Strain(s): 48, 381
PubMed: 5170488
DOI: 10.1039/b316075k

Lu, J., Takeuchi, T., Satoh, H. 2004 Ingestion and assimilation of three species of freshwater algae by larval tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Aquaculture, 238, 437-449.
Keywords: carbon assimilation; closed ecological recirculating aquaculture system (CERAS); Chlorella; 14C labeling; Euglena; ingestion; Oreochromis niloticus; Spirulina
Strain(s): 39, 48, 641
DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.05.002

Iseki, M., Matsunaga, S., Murakami, A., Ohno, K., Shiga, K., Yoshida, K., Sugai, M., Takahashi, T., Hori, T., Watanabe, M. 2002 A blue-light-activated adenylyl cyclase mediates photoavoidance in Euglena gracilis. Nature, 415, 1047-1051.
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 11875575
DOI: 10.1038/4151047a

Matsunaga, S., Takahashi, T., Watanabe, M., Sugai, M., Hori, T. 1999 Control by ammonium ion of the change from step-up to step-down photophobically responding cells in the flagellate alga Euglena gracilis. Plant Cell Physiol., 40, 213-221.
Keywords: ammonium ion; blue light; Euglena; greening; photophobic responses
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a029530

Matsunaga, S., Hori, T., Takahashi, T., Kubota, M., Watanabe, M., Okamoto, K., Masuda, K., Sugai, M. 1998 Discovery of signaling effect of UV-B/C light in the extended UV-A/blue-type action spectra for step-down and step-up photo-phobic responses in the unicellular flagellate alga Euglena gracilis. Protoplasma, 201, 45-52.
Keywords: action spectra; blue light; Euglena; photophobic responses; ultraviolet light
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1007/BF01280710

Yuki-jirushi [Snow Brand] Milk Products Co.Ltd., Showa Denko K.K. 1992 Separation and purification of useful substances from Euglena [Euglena kara no yûyô-busshitsu no Bunri Seisei]. In The Advanced Technology of the Separation and Purification of the Materials for Physiologically Functional Foods and Their Development [Kinôsei Shokuhin Sozai no Kôdo Bunri Seisei to Kaihatsu], Ed. and published by The Japanese Research and Development Association for the High Separation System in Food Industry [Shokuhin Sangyô Hai-separêshon Sisutemu Gijutu Kenkyû Kumiai], Tokyo, pp. 363-382 (in Japanese).
Strain(s): 48

Toda, H., Yazawa, M., Yagi, K. 1992 Amino acid sequence of calmodulin from Euglena gracilis. Eur. J. Biochem., 205, 653-660.
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb16824.x

Iwata, H., Haji, A., Hashimoto, K., Mitsuyanagi, K., Kanegae, Y. 1991 Methods for producing heat-unsoluble β-1,3-glucan [Kanetsu gyôkosei β-1,3-glucan no seizôhô]. In Nippon-koku Tokkyo-chô (JP), Kôkai Tokkyo Kôhô (A), Hei3-163102, 5 pp. (in Japanese).
Strain(s): 47, 48, 49

Nakajima, T., Takahashi, M. 1991 A photo-bioreactor using algal phototaxis for solids-liquid separation. Water Res., 25, 1243-1247.
Keywords: wastewater treatment; microalgae; Euglena gracilis; phototaxis; solids-liquid separation; bioreactor; photo-clarifier
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1016/0043-1354(91)90063-V

Osafune, T., Yokota, A., Sumida, S., Hase, E. 1990 Immunogold localization of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase with reference to pyrenoid morphology in chloroplasts of synchronized Euglena gracilis cells. Plant Physiol., 92, 802-808.
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 16667352
DOI: 10.1104/pp.92.3.802

Osafune, T., Ehara, T., Ito, A., Hase, E. 1990 Incorporation of cytoplasmic structures by developing proplastids in dark-grown Euglena gracilis cells transferred to an inorganic medium in darkness. J. Electr. Microsc., 39, 168-171.
Keywords: Euglena gracilis; dark proplastid development; incorporation; cytoplasmic structure
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jmicro.a050798

Osafune, T., Sumida, S., Ehara, T., Kodama, M., Hase, E. 1990 Immunoelectron microscopic evidence for the occurrence of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in "propyrenoids" of Euglena gracilis. J. Electr. Microsc., 39, 101-104.
Keywords: chloroplast development; Euglena; propyrenoid; ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase; immunocytochemistry
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jmicro.a050782

Osafune, T., Schiff. J. A., Hase, E. 1990 Immunogold localization of LHCP II apoprotein in the Golgi of Euglena. Cell Struct. Funct., 15, 99-105.
Keywords: Euglena; Golgi apparatus; immunogold localization; LHCP II
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1247/csf.15.99

Tsuzuki, M., Ohnuma, E., Sato, N., Takaku, T., Kawaguchi, A. 1990 Effects of CO₂ concentration during growth on fatty acid composition in microalgae. Plant Physiol., 93, 851-856.
Strain(s): 48, 2093, 2138, 2160, 2235
PubMed: 1666759
DOI: 10.1104/pp.93.3.851

Osafune, T., Ehara, T., Tahara, M., Hase, E. 1990 Effects of blue and red light on chloroplast development in dark-grown wax-rich cells of Euglena gracilis transferred to inorganic medium. J. Electr. Microsc., 39, 254-259.
Keywords: Euglena gracilis; blue and red light; chloroplast development
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jmicro.a050812

Ehara, T., Osafune, T., Hase, E. 1990 Interactions between the nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles during the cell cycle of Euglena gracilis in synchronized cultures. Exp. Cell Res., 190, 104-112.
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(90)90150-9

Osafune, T., Sumida, S., Ehara, T., Hase, E. 1989 Three-dimensional distribution of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in chloroplasts of actively photosynthesizing cell of Euglena gracilis. J. Electr. Microsc., 38, 399-402.
Keywords: Euglena gracilis Z; immunoelectron microscopy; chloroplast; RuBisCO; three-dimensional distribution
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jmicro.a050755

Maruyama, I., Ando, Y., Maeda, T., Hirayama, K. 1989 Uptake of vitamin B₁₂ by various strains of unicellular algae Chlorella. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 55, 1785-1790.
Strain(s): 48, 226, 687, 2157, 2169, 2175

Tani, Y. & Tsumura, H. 1989 Screening for tocopherol-producing microorganisms and α-tocopherol production by Euglena gracilis Z. Agric. Biol. Chem., 53, 305-312.
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1271/bbb1961.53.305

Ehara, T., Sumida, S., Osafune, T. 1988 Dynamic morphological changes of organelles in Euglena gracilis Z. J. Tokyo Med. Coll., 46, 420-431.
Strain(s): 48

Suzuki, E., Tsuzuki, M., Miyachi, S. 1987 Photosynthetic characteristics of chloroplasts isolated from Euglena gracilis Z grown photoautotrophically. Plant Cell Physiol., 28, 1377-1388.
Keywords: carbon dioxide concentration; Euglena gracilis Z; isolated chloroplast; photoautotrophic growth; photosynthetic carbon fixation
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a077429

Yokota, A. & Kitaoka, S. 1987 The mechanism of induction of glycolate excretion by aminooxyacetate in low CO₂-grown Euglena gracilis Z. Agric. Biol. Chem., 51, 665-670.
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1080/00021369.1987.10868087

Yokota, A. & Kitaoka, S. 1987 Rates of glycolate synthesis and metabolism during photosynthesis of Euglena and microalgae grown on low CO₂. Planta, 170, 181-189.
Keywords: aminooxyacetate; Chlorophyta (microalgae); CO2-concentrating mechanism; cyanobacteria; Euglena; glycolate excretion; photosynthesis (CO2-concentrating mechanism)
Strain(s): 48
PubMed: 24232876
DOI: 10.1007/BF00397886

Suzuki, E., Tsuzuki, M., Miyachi, S. 1986 Accumlation of inorganic carbon in the cells of Euglena gracilis Z grown photoautotrophically in ordinary air. Plant Cell Physiol., 27, 1205-1208.
Keywords: Euglena gracilis Z; intracellular inorganic carbon accumulation; photosynthesis
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a077207

Tsukada, S., Ehara, T., Sumida, S., Osafune, T., Hase, E. 1986 Behaviour of proplastids and their nucleoids in dark-organotrophically grown cells of Euglena gracilis transferred to an inorganic medium. Br. Phycol. J., 21, 155-163.
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1080/00071618600650181

Yokota, A. & Kitaoka, S. 1986 A method for determination of glyoxylate with pumpkin isocitrate lyase and its application to photosynthesizing Euglena gracilis Z. Plant Sci., 46, 97-101.
Keywords: determination of glyoxylate; pumpkin isocitrate lyase; Euglena gracilis
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1016/0168-9452(86)90115-9

Osafune, T., Ehara, T., Sumida, S., Hase, E. 1985 Interactions between the nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles durihg the cell cycle of Euglena gracilis in synchronized cultures. II. Associations between the nucleus and chloroplasts at an early stage of the cell cycle under photoautotrophic conditions. Plant Cell Physiol., 26, 263-270.
Keywords: cell cycle; chloroplast nucleoid; chloroplast-nucleus connection; chromosome; Euglena gracilis
Strain(s): 48

Ehara, T., Osafune, T., Hase, E. 1985 Interactions between the nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles durihg the cell cycle of Euglena gracilis in synchronized cultures. III. Associations between the nucleus and chloroplasts at an early stage of the cell cycle under photoorganotrophic conditions (part II). Plant Cell Physiol., 26, 1155-1165.
Keywords: cell cycle; chloroplast-nucleus association; chloroplast-nucleoid; Euglena gracilis; three-dimensional chloroplast model
Strain(s): 48

Ehara, T., Sumida, S., Osafune, T., Hase, E. 1984 Interactions between the nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles during the cell cycle of Euglena gracilis in cynchronized cultures. I. Associations between the nucleus and chloroplasts at an early stage in the cell cycle under photoorganotrophic conditions (Part I). Plant Cell Physiol., 25, 1133-1146.
Keywords: cell cycle; chloroplast-nucleus association; chloroplast-nucleoid; chromosome; Euglena gracilis
Strain(s): 48

Hashimoto, H. & Murakami, S. 1983 Effects of cycloheximide and chloramphenicol on chloroplast replication in synchronously dividing cultured cells of Euglena gracilis. New Phytol., 94, 521-529.
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1983.tb04861.x

Hashimoto, H. & Murakami, S. 1982 Changes in morphology and ultrastructure of chloroplast along its division cycle in Euglena gracilis cultured synchronously under photoautotrophic condition. Scientific Papers of the College of General Education, Univ. of Tokyo, 32, 55-64.
Strain(s): 48

Hashimoto, H. & Murakami, S. 1982 Chloroplast replication and loss of chloroplast DNA induced by nalidixic acid in Euglena gracilis. Cell Struct. Funct., 7, 111-120.
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1247/csf.7.111

Ichimura, T. & Itoh, T. 1977 17. Preservation methods of microalgae (I) [17. Bisaisôrui no hozonhô (I)]. In Preservation methods of microorganisms [Biseibutsu Hozonhô], Ed. by Nei, T., University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, pp. 355-373 (in Japanese).
Strain(s): 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 122, 123, 127, 131, 144, 152, 173, 175, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 185, 198, 200, 203, 206, 217, 226, 227, 241, 266, 267, 268, 295, 309, 310, 334, 338, 379, 436, 448, 450, 455, 527

Shihira-Ishikawa, I., Osafune, T., Ehara, T., Ohkuro, I., Hase, E. 1977 An early light-independent phase of chloroplast development in dark-grown cells of Euglena gracilis Z. I. Dependence of the plastid development on previous culture conditions. Plant Cell Physiol., Spec. Iss. (Photosynthetic Organelles), 445-454.
Strain(s): 48

Ehara, T., Shihira-Ishikawa, I., Osafune, T., Hase, E., Ohkuro, I. 1975 Some structural characteristics of chloroplast degeneration in cells of Euglena gracilis Z during their heterotrophic growth in darkness. J. Electron Microscopy, 24, 253-261.
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jmicro.a049978

Ikushima, T. 1975 Action of furylfuramide (AF-2) on chloroplasts of Euglena gracilis. Annu. Rep. Res. Reactor Inst. Kyoto Univ., 8, 83-85.
Strain(s): 48

Osafune, T., Mihara, S., Hase, E., Ohkuro, I. 1975 Formation and division of giant mitochondria during the cell cycle of Euglena gracilis Z in synchronous culture. I. Some characteristics of changes in the morphology of mitochondria and oxygen-uptake activity of cells. Plant Cell Physiol., 16, 313-326.
Strain(s): 48

Osafune, T., Mihara, S., Hase, E., Ohkuro, I. 1975 Formation and division of giant mitochondria during the cell cycle of Euglena gracilis Z in synchronous culture. II. Modes of division of giant mitochondria. J. Electron Microscopy, 24, 33-39.
Strain(s): 48

Osafune, T., Mihara, S., Hase, E., Ohkuro, I. 1975 Formation and division of giant mitochondria during the cell cycle of Euglena gracilis Z in synchronous culture. III. Three-dimensional structures of mitochondria after division of giant forms. J. Electron Microscopy, 24, 283-286.
Strain(s): 48

Tsubo, Y. 1975 Formation of colorless cells in algae. In Advance of Phycology in Japan, Eds. by Tokida, J. & Hirose, H., VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, pp. 180-193.
Strain(s): 48

Osafune, T. 1973 Three-dimensional structures of giant mitochondria, dictyosomes and “concentric lamellar bodies” formed during the cell cycle of Euglena gracilis (Z) in synchronous culture. J. Electron Microscopy, 22, 51-61.
Strain(s): 48

Tsubo, Y., Ueda, T., Yokomura, E. 1971 Chloroplast autonomy revealed by nutritionally controlled Euglena gracilis. In Proceedings of the Seventh International Seaweed Symposium, University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, p. 336-338.
Strain(s): 48

Miyoshi, Y. & Tsubo, Y. 1969 Permanent bleaching of Euglena by chloramphenicol. Plant Cell Physiol., 10, 221-225.
Strain(s): 48
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a074389

Murano, F. & Fujita, Y. 1967 Comparative studies of photochemical oxidation-reduction reactions in lamellar fragments of various algae and spinach. Plant Cell Physiol., 8, 673-682.
Strain(s): 19, 21, 37, 48
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a079302

Tamiya, H. 1963 Cell differentiation in Chlorella. In Cell Differentiation: Symposium of the Society for Experimental Biology, XVII, pp. 188-214.
Strain(s): 48, 2170

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