Strain number NIES-88  
Phylum Cyanophyta  
Class Cyanophyceae  
Scientific name Microcystis aeruginosa (Kützing) Lemmermann  
Synonym Microcystis ichthyoblabe Kützing; Microcystis novacekii (Komárek) Compère; Microcystis viridis (A.Brown) Lemmermann; Microcystis wesenbergii Komárek  
Former name Microcystis aeruginosa (Kützing) Lemmermann f. aeruginosa  
Common name Blue-green alga ; Cyanobacteria  
Locality (Date of collection) Lake Kawaguchi, Yamanashi, Japan (1981-06-**)  
Latitude / Longitude 35.5130910551 / 138.748515637 
Habitat (Isolation source) Freshwater (Lake water)  
History < Watanabe, Makoto M.  
Isolator (Date of isolation) Watanabe, Michiko H. (1981-06-**)  
Identified by Watanabe, Michiko H.  
State of strain Cryopreservation; Unialgal; Clonal; Non-axenic  
Culture condition
(Preculture condition)
Medium:  MA  
Temperature:  25 C
Light intensity:  20-30 µmol photons/m2/sec, L/D cycle:  10L:14D
Duration:  20 D  
Gene information Whole-genome ( JXYX00000000 ) , 16S rRNA ( AB023255 ) , ftsZ ( AB324852 ) , glnA ( AB324931 ) , gltX ( AB325010 ) , gyrB ( AB325089 ) , mcyA ( AB110103 ) , mcyD ( AB110114 ) , mcyG ( AB110125 ) , mcyJ ( AB110136 ) , pgi ( AB325168 ) , recA ( AB325247 ) , tpi ( AB325326 )  
Cell size (min - max) - 5 μm  
Organization  
Characteristics Cyanobacterial water bloom (aoko) ; Toxicity ; microcystin (+) (Tanabe et al. 2009b) ; ST3 (Tanabe et al. 2007) ; Genome decoded strain (Parajuli et al. 2016)  
Other strain no. Other strain no. : KW-MA1-3  
Remarks Cryopreserved; Toxicity 
Movie  
Reference
Dahedl, E. K. & Urakawa, H. 2023 Differential effects of hydrogen peroxide and L-lysine treatments on the growth of freshwater Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta. Ecologies, 4, 355-370.
Keywords: hydrogen peroxide; L-lysine; algaecide; Microcystis aeruginosa; cyanobacteria
Strain(s): 881028434325 
DOI: 10.3390/ecologies4020023

Balloo, N., Mehjabin, J. J., Phan, C.-S., Okino, T. 2023 Heat shock and iron limitation modulate the metabolic profile of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa NIES-88. Phycol. Res., 71, 200-208.
Strain(s): 88 
DOI: 10.1111/pre.12529

Cao, H., Xu, D., Zhang, T., Ren, Q., Xiang, L., Ning, C., Zhang, Y., Gao, R. 2022 Comprehensive and functional analyses reveal the genomic diversity and potential toxicity of Microcystis. Harmful Algae, 113, 102186 (article ID).
Keywords: Microcystis; Pangenome; Toxicity; Diversity; Classification
Strain(s): 8810229884324812549 
PubMed: 35287927
DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2022.102186

Zzzbe 2022 Chapter 2 - Specialized metabolites from cyanobacteria and their biological activities. In The Pharmacological Potential of Cyanobacteria, Eds. by Lopes, G., Silva, M., Vasconcelos, V., Academic press pp. 21-54.
Keywords: Kumla, D., Sousa, M. E., Vasconcelos, V., Kijjoa, A.
Strain(s): 88 
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-821491-6.00002-8

Phan, C.-S., Matsuda, K., Balloo, N., Fujita, K., Wakimoto, T., Okino, T. 2021 Argicyclamides A–C Unveil Enzymatic Basis for Guanidine Bis-prenylation J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 10083–10087.
Strain(s): 88 
PubMed: 34181406
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05732

MacCready, J. S., Basalla, J. L., Vecchiarelli, A. G. 2020 Origin and evolution of carboxysome positioning systems in cyanobacteria. Mol. Biol. Evol., 37, 1434–1451.
Strain(s): 212225263039447387882675928068439329702098210021072108211125493275375437563974407340744075410141034106 
PubMed: 31899489
DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msz308

Erratt, K. J., Creed, I. F., Trick, C. G. 2020 Differential drawdown of ammonium, nitrate, and urea by freshwater chlorophytes and Cyanobacteria. J. Phycol., 56, 458-468.
Strain(s): 8890102843 
PubMed: 31875965
DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12960

Pound, H. L. & Wilhelm, S. W. 2020 Tracing the active genetic diversity of Microcystis and Microcystis phage through a temporal survey of Taihu. PLoS One, 15, e0244482 (article ID).
Strain(s): 88843 
PubMed: 33370358
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244482

Chen, M., Tian, L.-L., Ren, C.-Y., Xu, C.-Y., Wang, Y.-Y., Li, L. 2019 Extracellular polysaccharide synthesis in a bloom-forming strain of Microcystis aeruginosa: implications for colonization and buoyancy. Sci Rep, 9, 1251 (article ID).
Strain(s): 87889820429884324812549 
PubMed: 30718739
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37398-6

Tanabe, Y., Hodoki, Y., Sano, T., Tada, K., Watanabe, MM. 2018a Adaptation of the freshwater bloom-forming cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa to brackish water is driven by recent horizontal transfer of sucrose genes. Front. Microbiol., 9, 1150 (article ID).
Keywords: Microcystis; bloom; salt tolerance; sucrose; genomics; brackish water; horizontal gene trasnfer; ecotype
Strain(s): 4487888990919899100101102103104105107108109112298299478604843901105010521059106310671069107010751076108510931094109811001101110211041105110611071108111311141115112211281130113111321134113911411142114311441150117011741175117611771179118111831185121112131214121512321234123812391252208820902091246524662467246824692470247124722473247524762477247824792480248124822483248424852486248724882489249024912492249424952546254725482549255025512552255325542555255625572558255925602561259225942595259625972598259926002601260226032604260526062607260826102611261226132617261826192620262126222623262426252626262826294234 
PubMed: 29922255
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01150

Tsuchiya, R., Kihira, M., Sakanoue, Y., Araki, T. 2018 Assesment of inhibition effect on growth of Microcystis aeruginosa by autoclaved water extracts from leaves of 104 woody plant species. Jpn. J. Limnol., 79, 41-48 (in Japanese with English summary).
Keywords: Microcystis aeruginosa; growth inhibition; leaf extract; woody plants; blue-green algae
Strain(s): 88 
DOI: 10.3739/rikusui.79.41

Sun, L.W., Jiang, W.J., Sato, H., Kawachi, M., Lu, X.W. 2016 Rapid classification and identification of Microcystis aeruginosa strains using MALDI-TOF MS and polygenetic analysis. PLoS One, 11, e0156275 (article ID).
Strain(s): 44878889901001011041051071091111124786048439011043105310581061106810691070107210761077108510941099110111041105111311151126113411351144115111571170121112131215121612171218122212241230123212331239 
PubMed: 27227555
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156275

Parajuli, A., Kwak, D. H., Dalponte, L., Leikoski, N., Galica, T., Umeobika, U., Trembleau, L., Bent, A., Sivonen, K., Wahlsten, M. 2016 A unique tryptophan c-prenyltransferase from the kawaguchipeptin biosynthetic pathway. Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 7, 3596-3599.
Strain(s): 88 
PubMed: 26846478
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201509920

Kimura, J. 2011 Screening for allelopathic activity on algal growth. Bull. Hiroshima Pref. Tech. Res. Inst., Publ. Health Environ. Center, 19, 37-46 (in Japanese).
Keywords: Microcystis; Chlorella; Nitzschia; growth inhibition; allelopathy
Strain(s): 88487642 

Tanabe, Y. & Watanabe, M. M. 2011 Local expansion of a panmictic lineage of water bloom-forming cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. PLoS One, 6, e17085 (article ID).
Strain(s): 4487888990919899100101102103104105106107108109110111112298299478604843901105010511052105310541055105610571058105910601061106210631064106510661067106810691070107210751076107710851090109110921093109410951096109710981100110111021103110411051106110711081113111411151122112311241125112611271128112911301131113211331134113511361137113811391140114111421143114411451146114711481149115011511152115311551156115711591160116111621163116411701171117211731174117511761177117911801181118311841185118612091211121312141215121612171218121912201221122212231224122512261227122812291230123112321233123412351236123712381239124012411242124312441245125112521253125420882089209020912465246624672468246924702471247224732474247524762477247824792480248124822483248424852486248724882489249024912492249324942495249625422543254425452546254725482549255025512552255325542555255625572558255925602561259125922593259425952596259725982599260026012602260326042605260626072608260926102611261226132617261826192620262126222623262426252626262726282629 
PubMed: 21390221
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017085

Kimura, J. 2011 Screening for allelopathic activity on algal growth. Bull. Hiroshima Pref. Tech. Res. Inst., Publ. Health Environ. Center, 19, 37-46 (in Japanese with English title).
Keywords: Microcystis; Chlorella; Nitzschia; growth inhibition; allelopathy
Strain(s): 88487642 

Tanabe, Y., Sano, T., Kasai, F., Watanabe, M. M. 2009b Recombination, cryptic clades and neutral molecular divergence of the microcystin synthetase (mcy) genes of toxic cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. BMC Evol. Biol., 9, 115 (article ID).
Strain(s): 44878889909198991001011021031041051061071081091101111122982994786048439011050105110521053105410551056105710581059106010611062106310641065106610671068106910701072107510761077108510901091109210931094109510961097109811001101110211031104110511061107110811131114111511221123112411251126112711281129113011311132113311341135113611371138113911401141114211431144114511461147114811491150115111521153115511561157115911601161116211631164117011711172120912111213121412151216121712181219122012211222122312241225122612271228122912301231123212331234123512361237123812391240124112421243124412451251125212531254246524662467246924702471247224732474247524762477247824792561 
PubMed: 19463155
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-9-115

Jang, M.-H., Ha, K., Takamura, N. 2008 Microcystin production by Microcystis aeruginosa exposed to different stages of herbivorous zooplankton. Toxicon, 51, 882-889.
Keywords: Microcystis aeruginosa; induced defense; different stages of zooplankton; infochemicals; intracellular microcystin; extracellular microcystin
Strain(s): 8898103107 
PubMed: 18243271
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.12.015

Kubo, T., Kato, N., Hosoya, K., Kaya, K. 2008 Effective determination method for a cyanobacterial neurotoxin, β-N-methylamino-L-alanine. Toxicon, 51, 1264-1268.
Keywords: Cyanobacteria; Neurotoxin; BMAA; LC–ESI-MS; HILIC; SIM
Strain(s): 88 
PubMed: 18407310
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2008.02.015

Jang, M.-H., Jung, J.-M., Takamura, N. 2007 Changes in microcystin production in cyanobacteria exposed to zooplankton at different population densities and infochemical concentrations. Limnol. Oceanogr., 52, 1454-1466.
Strain(s): 8898107 
DOI: 10.4319/lo.2007.52.4.1454

Tanabe, Y., Kasai, F., Watanabe, M. M. 2007 Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) reveals high genetic diversity and clonal population structure of the toxic cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. Microbiology, 153, 3695-3703.
Strain(s): 44878889909198991001011021031041051061071081091101111122982994786048439019331050105110521053105410551056105710581059106010611062106310641065106610671068106910701072107510761077108510901091109210931094109510961097109811001101110211031104110511061107110811131114111511221123112411251126112711281129113011311132113311341135113611371138113911401141114211431144114511461147114811491150115111521153115511561157115911601161116211631164117011711172120912111213121412151216121712181219122012211222122312241225122612271228122912301231123212331234123512361237123812391240124112421243124412451251125212531254 
PubMed: 17975077
DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.2007/010645-0

Jang, M.-H., Ha, K., Jung, J.-M., Lee, Y.-J., Takamura, N. 2006 Increased microcystin production of Microcystis aeruginosa by indirect exposure of nontoxic cyanobacteria: potential role in the development Microcystis bloom. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 76, 957-962.
Strain(s): 7488204 

Yamaki, H., Sitachitta, N., Sano, T., Kaya, K. 2005 Two new chymotrypsin inhibitors isolated from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa NIES-88. J. Nat. Prod., 68, 14-18.
Strain(s): 88 
PubMed: 15679310
DOI: 10.1021/np0401361

Tsuda, K., Takamura, N., Matsuyama, M., Fujii, Y. 2005 Assessment method for leaf litters allelopathic effect on cyanobacteria. J. Aquat. Plant Manage, 43, 43-46.
Keywords: allelopathy; bioassay; leaf disk; Microcystis aeruginosa
Strain(s): 88 

Jang, M. H., Ha, K., Lucas, M. C., Joo, G. J., Takamura, N. 2004 Changes in microcystin production by Microcystis aeruginosa exposed to phytoplanktivorous and omnivorous fish. Aquat. Toxicol., 68, 51-59.
Keywords: Microcystis aeruginosa; microcystin; fish-induced defence; chemical cues; Hypophthalmichthys molitrix; Carassius gibelio langsdorfi
Strain(s): 448899 
PubMed: 15110469
DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.02.002

Tanabe, Y., Kaya, K., Watanabe, M. M. 2004 Evidence for recombination in the microcystin synthetase (mcy) genes of toxic cyanobacteria Microcystis spp. J. Mol. Evol., 58, 633-641.
Keywords: cyanobacteria; microcystin synthetase; Microcystis; NRPS; recombination; split decomposition
Strain(s): 888990102103107 
PubMed: 15461420
DOI: 10.1007/s00239-004-2583-1

Jang, M-H., Ha, K., Joo, G-J., Takamura, N. 2003 Toxin production of cyanobacteria is increased by exposure to zooplankton. Freshw. Biol., 48, 1540-1550.
Keywords: info-chemicals; microcystin production; Microcystis aeruginosa; zooplankton; zooplankton culture media filtrate
Strain(s): 44878899 
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2427.2003.01107.x

Yoshida, T., Yuki, Y., Lei, S., Chinen, H., Yoshida, M., Kondo, R., Hiroishi, S. 2003 Quantitative detection of toxic strains of the cyanobacterial genus Microcystis by competitive PCR. Microbes Environ., 18, 16-23.
Keywords: competitive PCR; microcystin; Microcystis; peptide synthetase; toxic cyanobacteria
Strain(s): 87888990102104105106108109110111112298299604 
DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.18.16

Yuki, Y., Yoshida, T., Hiroishi, S. 2002 Molecular detection of the toxic cyanobacteria [Yûdoku aoko no bunshi-shikibetsu to yosatsu he-no ôyô]. In Series of Fisheries Science Vol. 143, Prevention and Extermination Strategies of Harmful Algal Blooms [Suisan-gaku shirîzu 134, Yûgai-yûdoku sôrui burûmu no yobô to kujo] , Eds. by Hiroishi, S., Imai, I. & Ishimaru, T., Koseisha-Koseikaku, Tokyo, pp. 43-53 (in Japanese).
Strain(s): 738187888990919899100101102104105106108109110111112204230298299604 

Kondo, R., Kagiya, G., Hiroishi, S., Watanabe, M. 2000 Genetic typing of a bloom-forming cyanobacterial genus Microcystis in Japan using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Plankton Biol. Ecol., 47, 1-6.
Keywords: genetic typing; 16S rDNA; Microcystis; cyanobacteria; phylogenetic analysis
Strain(s): 878889909198991001011021041051061081091101111122982996041055106110681076109010911105112211421164 

Kondo, R., Kagiya, G., Komura, M., Yuki, Y., Hiroishi, S., Watanabe, M. 2000 Molecular taxonomy of a bloom-forming cyanobacterial genus Microcystis. Bull. Plankton Soc. Japan, 47, 25-33 (in Japanese with English summary).
Keywords: cyanobacteria; Microcystis; bacterial criteria; molecular analysis
Strain(s): 6878889909198991001011021041051061081091101111122982996041055106110681076109010911105112211421164 

Kondo, R., Kagiya, G., Hiroishi, S., Watanabe, M., Hata, Y. 1999 Rapid DNA extraction from a bloom-forming cyanobacterium. Microbes Environ., 14, 157-161.
Keywords: DNA extraction; PCR; Microcystis; cyanobacteria
Strain(s): 878889909198991001011021041051061081091101111122982996041055106110681076109010911105112211421164 
DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.14.157

Ishida, K., Matsuda, H., Murakami, M. 1998 Micropeptins 88-A to 88-F, chymotrypsin inhibitors from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa (NIES-88). Tetrahedron, 54, 5545-5556.
Strain(s): 88 
DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4020(98)00242-7

Kaya, K. & Sano, T. 1998 A photodetoxifi-cation mechanism of the cyanobacterial hepatotoxin microcystin-LR by ultraviolet irradiation. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 11, 159-163.
Strain(s): 88 

Kondo, R., Kagiya, G., Yuki, Y., Hiroishi, S., Watanabe, M. 1998 Taxonomy of a bloom-forming cyanobacterial genus Microcystis. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 64, 291-292 (in Japanese with English title).
Strain(s): 87888990919899100101102104105106107108109110111112298299604 

Ishida, K., Matsuda, H., Murakami, M., Yamaguchi, K. 1997 Kawaguchipeptin B, an antibacterial cyclic undecapeptide from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. J. Nat. Prod., 60, 724-726.
Strain(s): 88 
DOI: 10.1021/np970146k

Ishida, K., Matsuda, H., Murakami, M., Yamaguchi, K. 1996 Kawaguchipeptin A, a novel cyclic undecapeptide from cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa (NIES-88). Tetrahedron, 52, 9025-9030.
Strain(s): 88 
DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(96)00452-8

Soma, Y., Imaizumi, T., Yagi, K., Kasuga, S. 1993 Estimation of algal succession in lake water using HPLC analysis of pigments. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 50, 1142-1146.
Strain(s): 44738188104111233234333351 

Tsuchiya, Y., Watanabe, M. F., Watanabe, M. 1992 Volatile organic sulfur compounds associated with blue-green algae from inland waters of Japan. Wat. Sci. Tech., 25, 123-130.
Keywords: blue-green algae; Microcystis aeruginosa; M. wesenbergii; isopropyl mercaptan; isopropyl disulfide; isopropyl sulfonyl chloride; chlorination; mutagenicity; Ames test
Strain(s): 881061108010811083109811041137 
DOI: 10.2166/wst.1992.0043

Watanabe, M. M., Kasai, F., Hiwatari, T., Suda, S., Nei, T. 1984 Cryopreservation of microalgae in liquid nitrogen - Survival of algal cultures after freezing. Jpn. J. Freez. Dry., 30, 23-26 (in Japanese with English title).
Strain(s): 1819212426293139404144454650737475767780818788899091939598991001011201221311351371441512042072132572633794152219223522392579 

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