The Microbial Culture Collection at the National Institute for Environmental Studies
The Microbial Culture Collection at the National Institute for Environmental Studies At National Institute for Environmental Studies
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Strain Data

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Strain number NIES-6  
Phylum Heterokontophyta   Class Raphidophyceae 
Scientific name Heterosigma akashiwo (Hada) Hada ex Y.Hara et Chihara  
Synonym -----  
Former name  
Common name  
Locality (Date of collection) Osaka Bay Osaka Japan (1979-08-**)  
Habitat (Isolation source) Marine  
History < Watanabe, Makoto M.  
Isolator (Date of isolation) Watanabe, Makoto M. (-----)  
Identified by Watanabe, Makoto M.  
State of strain Unialgal; Clonal; Axenic[2013 Jan]  
Preservation state
(State of preservation)		 Subculture  
Culture condition
( Preculture condition ) 		Medium:  f/2  
Temperature: 20 C
Light intensity: 32-40 µmol photons/m2/sec     L/D cycle: 12L:12D
Duration: 1 M  
Gene information 16S rRNA ( AB181954 ) , 16S-tRNA-Ile-tRNA-Ala-23S ( AB181958 ) , 18S-ITS1-5.8S-ITS2-28S ( AF157381 ) , CO1 ( AB334507 ) , rbcL ( AB334434 )
Cell size (min - max) - 20 μm   Organization Unicellular; Flagellate 
Characteristics Red tide  
Other strain no. Other strain no. : OHE-1  
Remarks Fragile species to transportation stresses 

Reference
80)   Demura, M., Noël, M.-H., Kasai, F., Watanabe, M. M., Kawachi, M. 2009 Taxonomic revision of Chattonella antiqua, C. marina and C. ovata (Raphidophyceae) based on their morphological characteristics and genetic diversity. Phycologia, 48, 518-535. , Keywords: Chattonella antiqua; Chattonella marina; Chattonella ovata; COI; COX1; Genetic diversity; ITS; Microsatellite; Morphology; Phylogeny; Population; Raphidophyceae; rbcL; Speciation; Taxonomy , Strain(s): 1,  2,  3,  5,  6,  9,  10,  14,  83,  84,  85,  86,  113,  114,  115,  116,  118,  121,  145,  146,  161,  293,  557,  558,  559,  561,  603,  671,  716,  849,  1872,  1873 

177)   Harashima, A., Watanabe, M., Fujishiro, I. 1988 Evolution of bioconvection patterns in a culture of motile flagellates. Phys. Fluids, 31, 764-775. , Strain(s): 6 

201)   Hatano, S., Hara, Y., Takahashi, M. 1983 Preliminary study on the effects of photoperiod and nutrients on the vertical migratory behavior of a red tide flagellate, Heterosigma akashiwo. Jpn. J. Phycol., 31, 263-269 (in Japanese with English summary). , Keywords: Heterosigma akashiwo; nutrients; photoperiod; vertical migration , Strain(s): 6 

445)   Keawtawee, T., Fukami, K., Songsangjinda, P., Muangyao, P. 2011 Isolation and characterization of Noctiluca-killing bacteria from a shrimp aquaculture pond in Thailand. Fish Sci., 77, 657-664. , Keywords: Algicidal bacteria; Noctiluca scintillans; HABs; Shrimp aquacluture , Strain(s): 1,  6 

452)   Kim, D., Oda, T., Ishimatsu, A., Muramatsu, T. 2000 Galacturonic-acid-induced increase of superoxide production in red tide phytoplankton Chattonella marina and Heterosigma akashiwo. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 64, 911-914. , Keywords: red tide plankton; Chattonella marina; Heterosigma akashiwo; galacturonic acid; reactive oxygen species , Strain(s): 6 

453)   Kim, D., Okamoto, T., Oda, T., Tachibana, K., Lee, K. S., Ishimatsu, A., Matsuyama, Y., Honjo, T., Muramatsu, T. 2001 Possible involvement of the glycocalyx in the ichthyotoxicity of Chattonella marina (Raphidophyceae): immunological approach using antiserum against cell surface structures of the flagellate. Mar. Biol., 139, 625-632. , Strain(s): 6,  15 

454)   Kim, D., Sato, Y., Oda, T., Muramatsu, T., Matsuyama, Y., Honjo, T. 2000 Specific toxic effect of dinoflagellate Heterocapsa circularisquama on the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 64, 2719-2722. , Keywords: red tide; Heterocapsa circularisquama; rotifer; toxicity; dinoflagellate , Strain(s): 6 

489)   Kohata, K., Watanabe, M. 1984 The use of a controlled experimental ecosystem (Microcosm) in studies of mechanism of red tide outbreaks (II) - Growth of Heterosigma akashiwo, red tide flagellate, in Microcosm. Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud., No. 63, 111-121 (in Japanese with English summary). , Strain(s): 6 

490)   Kohata, K., Watanabe, M. 1986 Synchronous division and the pattern of diel vertical migration of Heterosigma akashiwo (Hada) Hada (Raphidophyceae) in a laboratory culture tank. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 100, 209-224. , Keywords: cell division; culture tank; DCMU-induced fluorescence; Heterosigma akashiwo; vertical migration , Strain(s): 6 

491)   Kohata, K., Watanabe, M. 1987 The use of a controlled experimental ecosystem (Microcosm) in studies of mechanism of red tide outbreaks (V) - Growth and cell volume change of Heterosigma akashiwo, a red tide flagellate. Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud., No. 110, 57-66 (in Japanese with English summary). , Strain(s): 6 

493)   Kohata, K., Watanabe, M. 1987 The use of a controlled experimental ecosystem (Microcosm) in studies of mechanism of red tide outbreaks (VII) - Growth and its mathematical model of Heterosigma akashiwo, a red tide flagellate, in light-limited synchronous cultures. Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud., No. 110, 79-88 (in Japanese with English summary). , Strain(s): 6 

496)   Kohata, K., Watanabe, M. M., Nakamura, Y., Watanabe, M. 1982 Growth and phosphate uptake kinetics in Olisthodiscus luteus: grown on synchronized batch cultures. Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud., No. 30, 95-111 (in Japanese with English summary). , Strain(s): 6 

497)   Kohata, K., Watanabe, M., Yamanaka, K. 1991 Highly sensitive determination of photosynthetic pigments in marine in situ samples by high-performance liquid chromatography. J. Chromatography, 558, 131-140. , Strain(s): 6,  7,  254,  323,  353 

505)   Kondo, R., Kagiya, G., Komura, M., Yuki, Y., Hiroishi, S., Watanabe, M. 2000 Molecular taxonomy of a bloom-forming cyanobacterial genus Microcystis. Bull. Plankton Soc. Japan, 47, 25-33 (in Japanese with English summary). , Keywords: cyanobacteria; Microcystis; bacterial criteria; molecular analysis , Strain(s): 6,  87,  88,  89,  90,  91,  98,  99,  100,  101,  102,  104,  105,  106,  108,  109,  110,  111,  112,  298,  299,  604,  1055,  1061,  1068,  1076,  1090,  1091,  1105,  1122,  1142,  1164 

646)   Miyagi, N., Satoh, E., Fujii, T. 1989 Effects of n-alkylamines on the motility and viability of Heterosigma akashiwo cells. Plant Cell Physiol., 30, 637-642. , Keywords: cell viability; Heterosigma akashiwo; n-alkylamine , Strain(s): 6 

647)   Miyagi, N., Satoh, S., Fujii, T. 1992 A nitrate-inducible plasma membrane protein of a marine alga, Heterosigma akashiwo. Plant Cell Physiol., 33, 971-976. , Keywords: Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophycean); nitrate; plasma membrane; protein , Strain(s): 6 

654)   Mori, S., Nakamura, Y., Watanabe, M. M., Yamochi, S., Watanabe, M. 1982 The effect of various environmental factors on the growth yield of red tide algae II. Olisthodiscus luteus. Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud., No. 30, 71-86 (in Japanese with English summary). , Strain(s): 6 

679)   Nagai, H., Satake, M., Murata, M., Yasumoto, T. 1990 Screening of marine phytoplankton for antifungal substances. In Toxic Marine Phyto-plankton, Eds. by Graneli, E., Sundstrom, B., Edler, L. & Anderson, D. M., Elsevier Science Pub., New York, p. 385-390. , Strain(s): 1,  6,  12,  15,  369 

720)   Nakamura, A., Okamoto, T., Komatsu, N., Ooka, S., Oda, T., Ishimatsu, A., Muramatsu, T. 1998 Fish mucus stimulates the generation of superoxide anion by Chattonella marina and Heterosigma akashiwo. Fish. Sci., 64, 866-869. , Keywords: red tide plankton; Raphidophyceae; fish mucus; reactive oxygen species , Strain(s): 6 

749)   Nakashima, T., Miyazaki, Y., Matsuyama, Y., Muraoka, W., Yamaguchi, K., Oda, T. 2006 Producing mechanism of an algicidal compound against red tide phytoplankton in a marine bacterium γ-proteobacterium. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 73, 684-690. , Keywords: Algal activity; Harmful algal bloom; Prodigiosin; γ-proteobacterium; Homoserine lactone , Strain(s): 6 

771)   Niki, T., Kunugi, M., Otsuki, A. 2000 DMSP-lyase activity in five marine phytoplankton species: its potential importance in DMS production. Mar. Biol., 136, 759-764. , Strain(s): 6,  7,  353,  369 

774)   Nishibori, N., Niitsu, M., Fujihara, S., Sagara, T., Nishio, S., Imai, I. 2009 Occurrence of the polyamines caldopentamine and homocaldopentamine in axenic cultures of the red tide flagellates Chattonella antiqua and Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae). FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 298, 74-78. , Keywords: caldopentamine; homocaldopentamine; Chattonella antiqua; Heterosigma akashiwo , Strain(s): 1,  6 

847)   Oda, T., Nakamura, A., Okamoto, T., Ishimatsu, A., Muramatsu, T. 1998 Lectin-induced enhancement of superoxide anion production by red tide phytoplankton. Mar. Biol., 131, 383-390. , Strain(s): 6 

899)   Okamoto, T., Kim, D., Oda, T., Matsuoka, K., Ishimatsu, A., Muramatsu, T. 2000 Concanavalin A-induced discharge of glycocalyx of raphidophycean flagellates, Chattonella marina and Heteroshigma akashiwo. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 64, 1767-1770. , Keywords: red tide; concanavalin A; glycocalyx; phytoplankton , Strain(s): 6 

910)   Okumura, Y., Koyama, J., Takaku, H., Satoh, H. 2001 Influence of organic solvents on the growth of marine microalgae. Arch. Environ, Contam. Toxicol. 41, 123-128. , Strain(s): 6,  324 

1034)   Satoh, E., Satoh, S., Fujii, T. 1992 Synchronization of phosphorylation of a chloroplast protein with the cell division cycle in Heterosigma akashiwo. Plant Cell Physiol., 33, 275-280. , Keywords: cell cycle; chloroplast stromal protein; Heterosigma akashiwo; protein phosphorylation , Strain(s): 6 

1105)   Shono, M., Hara, Y., Wada, M., Fujii, T. 1996 A sodium pump in the plasma membrane of the marine alga Heterosigma akashiwo. Plant Cell Physiol., 37, 385-388. , Keywords: Heterosigma akashiwo; marine alga; Na+ transport; Na+-APTase [EC 3.6.1.3]; plasma membrane , Strain(s): 6 

1106)   Shono, M., Wada, M., Fujii, T. 1995 Partial purification of a Na+-ATPase from the plasma membrane of the marine alga Heterosigma akashiwo. Plant Physiol., 108, 1615-1621. , Strain(s): 6 

1135)   Sugahara, K., Kobayashi, Y., Watanabe, M. M., Watanabe, M. 1982 Changes in cellular contents of ATP during growth of red tide algae. Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud., No. 30, 323-327 (in Japanese with English summary). , Strain(s): 6 

1274)   Wada, M., Hara, Y., Kato, M., Yamada, M., Fujii, T. 1987 Diurnal appearance, fine structure, and chemical composition of fatty particles in Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae). Protoplasma, 137, 134-139. , Strain(s): 6 

1275)   Wada, M., Satoh, S., Kasamo, K., Fujii, T. 1989 Presence of a Na+-activated ATPase in the plasma membrane of the marine raphidophycean Heterosigma akashiwo. Plant Cell Physiol., 30, 923-928. , Keywords: ATPase; Heterosigma akashiwo; plasma membrane; sodium ion , Strain(s): 6 

1276)   Wada, M., Urayama, O., Satoh, S., Hara, Y., Ikawa, Y., Fujii, T. 1992 A marine algal Na+-activated ATPase possesses an immunologically identical epitope to Na+, K+-ATPase. FEBS Letters, 309, 272-274. , Keywords: Akashiwo; Na+-ATPase; Na+, K+-ATPase; epitope mapping; antibody , Strain(s): 6 

1295)   Watanabe, M. 1982 The diurnal variations in the cell densities of Olisthodiscus luteus and Skeletonema costatum. Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud., No. 30, 143-154 (in Japanese with English summary). , Strain(s): 6 

1318)   Watanabe, M. M., Kohata, K., Nakamura, Y., Watanabe, M. 1982 Phosphate-limited continuous culture of a red tide flagellate, Olisthodiscus luteus: establishment of its method and the analysis of growth kinetics. Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud., No. 30, 113-130 (in Japanese with English summary). , Strain(s): 6 

1320)   Watanabe, M. M., Nakamura, Y. 1984 Growth characteristics of a red tide flagellate, Heterosigma akashiwo Hada. 1. The effects of temperature, salinity, light intensity and pH on growth. Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud., No. 63, 51-58 (in Japanese with English summary). , Strain(s): 6 

1321)   Watanabe, M. M., Nakamura, Y. 1984 Growth characteristics of a red tide flagellate, Heterosigma akashiwo Hada. 2. The utilization of nutrients. Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud., No. 63, 59-68 (in Japanese with English summary). , Strain(s): 6 

1322)   Watanabe, M. M., Nakamura, Y., Kohata, K. 1983 Diurnal vertical migration and dark uptake of nitrate and phosphate of the red tide flagellates, Heterosigma akashiwo Hada and Chattonella antiqua (Hada) Ono (Raphidophyceae). Jpn. J. Phycol., 31, 161-166. , Keywords: Chattonella antiqua; diurnal vertical migration; Heterosigma akashiwo; nitrate and phosphate uptakes; red tide , Strain(s): 1,  6 

1323)   Watanabe, M. M., Nakamura, Y., Kohata, K. 1984 Diurnal vertical migration of a red tide flagellate, Heterosigma akashiwo Hada, with special reference to the ecological role. Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud., No. 63, 69-77 (in Japanese with English summary). , Strain(s): 6 

1324)   Watanabe, M. M., Nakamura, Y., Mori, S., Yamochi, S. 1982 Effects of physico-chemical factors and nutrients on the growth of Heterosigma akashiwo Hada from Osaka Bay, Japan. Jpn. J. Phycol., 30, 279-288. , Keywords: growth rate; Heterosigma akashiwo; minimum cell quota; Raphidophyceae; red tide , Strain(s): 6 

1331)   Watanabe, M. M., Yamochi, S., Kohata, K., Watanabe, M. 1982 Vertical migration and diel periodicity of phosphate uptake in a red tide flagellate, Olisthodiscus luteus. Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud., No. 30, 131-141 (in Japanese with English summary). , Strain(s): 6 

1332)   Watanabe, M., Harashima, A. 1982 Bio-convection in culture of Olisthodiscus luteus and Rayleigh-Taylor instability. Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud., No. 30, 155-173 (in Japanese with English summary). , Strain(s): 6 

1333)   Watanabe, M., Harashima, A. 1982 The distribution pattern of Olisthodiscus luteus in convection cells. Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud., No. 30, 175-190 (in Japanese with English summary). , Strain(s): 6 

1334)   Watanabe, M., Kohata, K., Kunugi, M. 1987 31P nuclear magnetic resonance study of intracellular phosphate pools and polyphosphate metabolism in Heterosigma akashiwo (Hada) Hada (Raphidophyceae). J. Phycol., 23, 54-62. , Keywords: cell extraction; Heterosigma akashiwo; intracellular phosphate; phosphodiester; 31P-NMR; polyphosphate; Raphidophyceae; sugar-phosphate , Strain(s): 6 

1335)   Watanabe, M., Kohata, K., Kunugi, M. 1987 Diel vertical migration of Heterosigma akashiwo under salinity and phosphate stratifications and metabolism of intracellular phosphate pools. Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud., No. 110, 103-114 (in Japanese with English summary). , Strain(s): 6 

1336)   Watanabe, M., Kohata, K., Kunugi, M. 1988 Phosphate accumulation and metabolism by Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae) during diel vertical migration in a stratified microcosm. J. Phycol., 24, 22-28. , Keywords: ATP; diel vertical migration; Heterosigma akashiwo; intracellular phosphate; 31P-NMR; phosphate accumulation; polyphosphates; Raphidophyceae; salinity and nutrient stratifications , Strain(s): 6 

1340)   Watanabe, M., Takamatsu, T., Kohata, K., Kunugi, M., Kawashima, M., Koyama, M. 1989 Luxury phosphate uptake and variation of intracellular metal concentrations in Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidoohyceae). J. Phycol., 25, 428-436. , Keywords: ESR; Heterosigma akashiwo; intracellular metals; luxury phosphate uptake; neutron activation analysis; polyphosphate; 31P-NMR , Strain(s): 6 

1341)   Watanabe, M., Watanabe, M. M., Kohata, K., Harashima, A. 1982 The use of a controlled experimental ecosystem (Microcosm) in studies of the mechanism of red tide outbreaks. Res. Rep. Natl. Inst. Environ. Stud., No. 30, 11-26 (in Japanese with English summary). , Strain(s): 6 

1372)   Yamagishi, T., Kawai, H. 2012 Cytoskeleton organization during the cell cycle in two stramenopile microalgae, Ochromonas danica (Chrysophyceae) and Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae), with special reference to F-actin organization and its role in cytokinesis. Protist, 163, 686-700. , Keywords: Cytokinesis; F-actin; Heterosigma; microtubule; Ochromonas; phalloidin; stramenopiles , Strain(s): 6 

1399)   Yamochi, S. 1983 Mechanisms for outbreak of Heterosigma akashiwo red tide in Osaka Bay, Japan. Part 1. Nutrient factors involved in controlling the growth of Heterosigma akashiwo Hada. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Japan, 39, 310-316. , Strain(s): 6 

1409)   Yasumoto, T. 1992 Toxin of the marine micro-algae [Kaiyô bisaisôrui no Tokishin]. BIO Medica, 7, 57-62 (in Japanese without English title). , Strain(s): 1,  6,  12,  15,  369 

1452)   深尾剛志, 西島敏隆, 山口晴生, 足立真佐雄 (Fukao et al.) 2007 赤潮プランクトン6種の尿素利用能 (Utilization of urea by the 6 species of red tide phytoplankton.) 日本プランクトン学会報 (Bull. Plankton Soc. Japan), 54, 1-8 (in Japanese with English summary). , Keywords: growth; red tide; phytoplankton; urea; uptake kinetics , Strain(s): 1,  6,  237,  323,  324,  605 


 
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