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Strain number NIES-837  
Phylum Haptophyta  
Class Prymnesiophyceae  
Scientific name Emiliania huxleyi (Lohmann) W.W.Hay & H.Mohler  
Synonym Pontosphaera huxleyi Lohmann 1902; Hymenomonas huxleyi (Lohmann) Kamptner 1930; Coccolithus huxleyi (Lohmann) Kamptner 1943; Gephyrocapsa huxleyi (Lohmann) Reinhardt 1972; Gephyrocapsa huxleyi P.Reinhardt 1972  
Former name  
Common name Coccolithophore  
Locality (Date of collection) Great Barrier Reef, Australia (1990-11-**)  
Latitude / Longitude  
Habitat (Isolation source) Marine (Seawater)  
History < Kawachi, Masanobu  
Isolator (Date of isolation) Inouye, Isao (1990-11-**)  
Identified by Inouye, Isao  
State of strain Cryopreservation; Unialgal; Clonal; Non-axenic; Coccolith(+/-)[2014 Nov]  
Culture condition
(Preculture condition)
Medium:  MNKmIMR  
Temperature:  20 C
Light intensity:  19 µmol photons/m2/sec, L/D cycle:  10L:14D
Duration:  1 M  
Gene information CO1b, atp4 ( AB563768 ) , EhPEPC ( AB461362 ) , EhPYC ( AB461363 ) , EhSEP2 ( AB205027 )  
Cell size (min - max) 3 - 6 μm  
Organization Unicellular 
Characteristics Red tide ; Planktonic ; Biomineralization (Kayano et al. 2011) ; clade O (Hagino et al. 2011)  
Other strain no. Other strain no. : EH-2  
Remarks Cryopreserved; Unstable 
Movie  
Reference
Mitani, E., Nakayama, F., Matsuwaki, I., Ichi, I., Kawabata, A., Kawachi, M., Kato, M. 2017 Fatty acid composition profiles of 235 strains of three microalgal divisions within the NIES Microbial Culture Collection. Microb. Resour. Syst., 33, 19-29.
Keywords: Cryptophyta; docosahexaenoic acid; eicosapentaenoic acid; fatty acid; Haptophyta; Heterokontophyta; microalgae
Strain(s): 1891415177111522322523323426527427527627727827928028128228429332332433033334434534634734835035337237738839139540740840941341441746146246648753454855355655755855956056258758858959060360562262369569669769869970070170270370470570670770870971071171271371471571674176576676780583799710011002100310041005100610071009101110161017104410451046104713021303132413271330133913401349135313701375137613791383138413851386138713911392139313951398139914001401169917001730181318151816182618271831186218631864186518741963196419651974197519762142214321442145214721482300233123322351236323642365236923702376250625332534253525362537259026332668268926902691269326942696269727072716271727182720272227232725272627292730273127322770277127722773283928402841284228432844285928722878289028993391368936903691 

Pelusi, A., Hanawa, Y., Araie, H., Suzuki, I., Giordan, M., Shiraiwa, Y. 2016 Rapid detection and quantification of haptophyte alkenones by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Algal Res., 19, 48-56.
Keywords: Alkenones; Alkenone-producing haptophyte; Emiliania huxleyi; FTIR; Lipid;trans-Carbon-carbon double bond
Strain(s): 837 
DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.07.006

Tsuji, Y., Yamazaki, M., Suzuki, I., Shiraiwa, Y. 2015 Quantitative analysis of carbon flow into photosynthetic products functioning as carbon storage in the marine coccolithophore, Emiliania huxleyi. Mar. Biotechnol., 17, 428-440.
Keywords: Alkenones; Carbon partitioning; Carbon storage compound; Emiliania huxleyi; Haptophyte; Lipid; biosynthesis
Strain(s): 837 
PubMed: 14730424
DOI: 10.1007/s10126-002-0081-2

Nakamura, H., Sawada, K., Araie, H., Suzuki, I., Shiraiwa, Y. 2015 n-Nonacosadienes from the marine haptophytes Emiliania huxleyi and Gephyrocapsa oceanica. Phytochemistry, 111, 107-113.
Keywords: Emiliania huxleyi; Gephyrocapsa oceanica; Haptophyte; Nonacosadiene; Noelaerhabdaceae; Long chain alkene; Biomarker
Strain(s): 8371315 
PubMed: 25595675
DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.12.023

Fukuda, S., Suzuki, Y., Shiraiwa, Y. 2014 Difference in physiological responses of growth, photosynthesis and calcification of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi to acidification by acid and CO2 enrichment. Photosynth. Res., 121, 299-309.
Keywords: Acidification; CO2 enrichment; Calcification; Emiliania huxleyi; pH effect; Photosynthesis
Strain(s): 837 
PubMed: 24500605
DOI: 10.1007/s11120-014-9976-9

Yamane, K., Matsuyama, S., Igarashi, K., Kuwabara, T. 2013 Pyrolytic Generation of Petroleum Crude Oils from the Marine Phytomicroalgal Coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi (Haptophyta) and Preparation of n-Alkane-Rich Biofuel. Energy Fuels, 27, 7470–7479.
Strain(s): 837 
DOI: 10.1021/ef401618t

Yamane, K., Matsuyama, S., Igarashi, K., Utsumi, M., Shiraiwa, Y., Kuwabara, T. 2013 Anaerobic coculture of microalgae with Thermosipho globiformans and Methanocaldococcus jannaschii at 68 ºC enhances generarion of n-alkane-rich biofules after pyrolysis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 79, 924-930.
Strain(s): 8372258 
PubMed: 23183975
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01685-12

Iwamoto, K. & Shiraiwa, Y. 2012 Characterization of intracellular iodine accumulation by iodine-tolerant microalgae. Procedia Environ. Sco., 15, 34-42.
Keywords: growth stimulation; growth inhibition; haptophyte; iodine; iodine accumulation
Strain(s): 377837838 
DOI: 10.1016/j.proenv.2012.05.007

Tsuji, Y., Suzuki, I., Shiraiwa, Y. 2012 Enzymological evidence for the function of a plastid-located pyruvate carboxylase in the Haptophyte alga Emiliania huxleyi: a novel pathway for the production of C 4 compounds. Plant Cell Physiol., 53, 1043-1052.
Strain(s): 837 
PubMed: 22492231
DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcs045

Mizoguchi, T., Kimura, Y., Yoshitomi, T., Tamiaki, H. 2011 The stereochemistry of chlorophyll-c3 from the haptophyte Emiliania huxleyi: the (132R)-enantiomers of chlorophylls-c are exclusively selected as the photosynthetically active pigments in chromophyte algae. Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg., 1807, 1467-1473.
Keywords: chlorophyll-c; chiral HPLC; enantioimer; chromophyte algae; light-harvesting complexes
Strain(s): 71281696837 
PubMed: 21806961
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2011.07.008

Araie, H., Sakamoto, K., Suzuki, I., Shiraiwa, Y. 2011 Characterization of the selenite uptake mechanism in the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi (Haptophyta). Plant Cell Physiol., 52, 1204-1210.
Strain(s): 837 
PubMed: 21632656
DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcr070

Fukuda, S., Suzuki, I., Hama, T., Shiraiwa, Y. 2011 Compensatory response of the unicellular-calcifying alga Emiliania huxleyi (Coccolithophoridales, Haptophyta) to ocean acidification. J. Oceanogr., 67, 17-25.
Keywords: Alkalization; Calcification; Coccolithophorid; Emiliania huxleyi; Inorganic carbon; Ocean acidification; pH change; pH effect; Photosynthesis; Respriration
Strain(s): 837 
DOI: 10.1007/s10872-011-0001-z

Hagino, K., Bendif, E. M., Young, J. R. Kogame, K., Probert, I., Takano, Y., Horiguchi, T., de Vardas, C., Okada, H. 2011 New evidence for morphological and genetic variation in the cosmopolitan coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi (Prymnesiophyceae) from the COX1b-ATP4 genes. J. Phycol., 47, 1164-1176.
Keywords: biogeography; coccolithophore; Emiliania huxleyi; mitochondrial DNA; morphotype
Strain(s): 83783810001311131213131314 
DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2011.01053.x

Kayano, K., Saruwatari, K., Kogure, T., Shiraiwa, Y. 2011 Effect of coccolith polysaccharides isolated from the coccolithophorid, Emiliania huxleyi, on calcite crystal formation in in vitro CaCO3 crystallization. Mar. Biotechnol., 13, 83-92.
Keywords: Acid polysaccharide; Biomineralization; Coccolith; Coccolith polysaccharide; Calcium carbonate crystalization; Emiliania huxleyi
Strain(s): 837 
PubMed: 20336339
DOI: 10.1007/s10126-010-9272-4

Satoh, M., Iwamoto, K., Suzuki, I., Shiraiwa, Y. 2009 Cold stress stimulates intracellular calcification by the coccolithophore, Emiliania huxleyi (Haptophyceae) under phosphate-deficient conditions. Mar. Biotechnol., 11, 327-333.
Keywords: calcification; coccolith production; coccolithophore; cold stress; Emiliania huxleyi; phosphate deprivation
Strain(s): 837 
PubMed: 18830665
DOI: 10.1007/s10126-008-9147-0

Tsuji, Y., Suzuki, I., Shiraiwa, Y. 2009 Photosynthetic carbon assimilation in the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi (Haptophyta): Evidence for the predominant Operation of the C 3 cycle and the Contribution of β-carboxylases to the active anaplerotic reaction. Plant Cell Physiol., 50, 318-329.
Strain(s): 837 
PubMed: 19109302
DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcn200

Kayano, K. & Shiraiwa, Y. 2009 Physiological regulation of coccolith polysaccharide production by phosphate availability in the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi. Plant Cell Physiol., 50, 1522-1531.
Strain(s): 837 
PubMed: 19587028
DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcp097

Ono, M., Sawada, K., Kubota, M., Shiraiwa, Y. 2009 Change of the unsaturation degree of alkenone and alkenoate during acclimation to salinity change in Emiliania huxleyi and Gephyrocapsa oceanica with reference to palaeosalinity indicator. Res. Org. Geochem., 25, 53-60.
Strain(s): 837839 
DOI: 10.20612/rog.25.0_53

Shiraiwa, Y. & Kayano, K. 2007 Coccolith. In Development of New Functional Materials Inspired by Biomineralization , Ed. By Kato, T., CMC Publications, Tokyo, pp. 52-63.
Strain(s): 837 

Obata, T. & Shiraiwa, Y. 2005 A novel eukaryotic selenoprotein in the haptophyte alga Emiliania huxleyi. J. Biol. Chem., 280, 18462-18468.
Strain(s): 837 
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M501517200

Obata, T., Araie, H., Shiraiwa, Y. 2004 Bioconcentration mechanism of selenium by a coccolithophorid, Emiliania huxleyi. Plant Cell Physiol., 45, 1434-1441.
Keywords: coccolithophorid; Emiliania huxleyi; selenite uptake; selenium accumulation
Strain(s): 837 
PubMed: 15564527
DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pch164

Obata, T., Sera, K., Futatsugawa, S., Shiraiwa, Y. 2004 Multi-element analysis of marine microalgae using particle-induced X-ray emission. Mar. Biotechnol., 6, 66-70.
Keywords: coccolithophorid; element concentration; elemental composition; Emiliania huxleyi; multi-element analysis; particle-induced X-ray emmision
Strain(s): 837 

Sawada, K. & Shiraiwa, Y. 2004 Alkenone and alkenoic acid compositions of the membrane fractions of Emiliania huxleyi. Phytochemistry, 65, 1299-1307.
Keywords: coccolithophorid; Emiliania huxleyi; Haptophyceae; alkenones; alkenoic acids; lipid biomarker; membrane fractionation; intracellular localization; unsaturation index
Strain(s): 837 
DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.03.015

Shiraiwa, Y., Danbara, A., Kanke, Y. 2004 Characterization of highly oxygen-sensitive photosynthesis in coccolithophorids. Jpn. J. Phycol. (Sôrui), 52, Suppl., 87-94.
Keywords: CO2 fixation; coccolithophorids; Emiliania huxleyi; glycolate pathway; O2 effect; O2 inhibition; photorespiratory nitrogen cycle; Warburg effect
Strain(s): 837838 

Iwamoto, K. & Shiraiwa, Y. 2003 Characterization of NADH nitrate reductase from the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi (Lohman) Hay & Mohler (Haptophyceae). Mar. Biotechnol., 5, 20-26.
Keywords: coccolithophorid; Emiliania huxleyi; enzyme purification; nitrate reductase; nitrate utilization
Strain(s): 837 
PubMed: 12925915
DOI: 10.1007/s10126-002-0051-8

Shiraiwa, Y. 2003 Physiological regulation of carbon fixation in the photosynthesis and calcification of coccolithophorids. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B-Biochem. Mol. Biol., 136, 775-783.
Keywords: carbon dioxide fixation; calcification; calcium carbonate crystal; cell growth; coccolith; coccolithophorids; Emiliania huxleyi; photosynthesis; nutrient-depletion effect; Warburg effect
Strain(s): 837 
PubMed: 14662302
DOI: 10.1016/S1096-4959(03)00221-5

Shiraiwa, Y., Hatano-Sugimoto, Y., Satoh, M. 2003 Regulation of intracellular calcification and algal growth by nutrient supply in coccolithophorids. In Biomineralization (BIOM2001): formation, diversity, evolution and application, Proceedings of th 8th International Symposium on Biomineralization, Eds. by Kobayashi & Ozawa, pp. 241-246.
Keywords: algal bloom; calcification; coccolithophorid; Emiliania huxleyi; Gephyrocapsa oceanica; nitrate; phosphate; nutrient-depletion
Strain(s): 837838 

Danbara, A. & Shiraiwa, Y. 1999 The requirement of selenium for the growth of marine coccolithophorids, Emiliania huxleyi, Gephyrocapsa oceanica and Helladosphaera sp. (Prymnesiophyceae). Plant Cell Physiol, 40, 762-766.
Keywords: artificial seawater; coccolithophorids; Emiliania huxleyi; Gephyrocapsa oceanica; Helladosphaera; selenium-depletion; selenium-requirement
Strain(s): 837838 
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a029603

Sawada, K., Handa, N., Shiraiwa, Y., Danbara, A., Montani, S. 1996 Long-chain alkenones and alkyl alkenoates in the coastal and pelagic sediments of the northwest North Pacific, with special reference to reconstruction of Emiliania huxleyi and Gephyrocapsa oceanica ratios. Org. Geochem., 24, 751-764.
Keywords: alkenone, alkyl alkenoate; Uk'37; EE/K37; EE/K38; Emiliania huxleyi; Gephyrocapsa oceanica; coccolithophorid assemblage; northwest North Pacific sediment
Strain(s): 837838 
DOI: 10.1016/S0146-6380(96)00087-3

Sekino, K., Kobayashi, H., Shiraiwa, Y. 1996 Role of coccoliths in the utilization of inorganic carbon by a marine unicellular coccolithophorid, Emiliania huxleyi: a survey using intact cells and protoplasts. Plant Cell Physiol., 37, 123-127.
Keywords: calcification; coccolith; coccolithophorid; Emiliania huxleyi; inorganic carbon utilization; protoplast
Strain(s): 837 
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a028921

Sekino, K. & Shiraiwa, Y. 1996 Evidence for the involvement of mitochondrial respiration in calcification in a marine coccolithophorid, Emiliania huxleyi. Plant Cell Physiol., 37, 1030-1033.
Keywords: calcification; CO2 fixation; coccolithophorids; Emiliania huxleyi; mitochondrial respiration; photosynthesis
Strain(s): 837 
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a029034

Sekino, K. & Shiraiwa, Y. 1995 CO2 release from the culture of calcifying and noncalcifying marine unicellular algae. J. Mar. Biotechnol., 3, 101-104.
Strain(s): 837 

Sekino, K. & Shiraiwa, Y. 1994 Accumulation and utilization of dissolved inorganic carbon by a marine unicellular coccolithophorid, Emiliania huxleyi. Plant Cell Physiol., 35, 353-361.
Keywords: bicarbonate uptake; calcification; CO2 uptake; coccolithophorid; Emiliania huxleyi; inorganic carbon accumulation
Strain(s): 837 
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a078603

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