Strain number NIES-456  
Phylum Chlorophyta  
Class Chlorophyceae  
Scientific name Eudorina elegans Ehrenberg var. elegans  
Synonym Pandorina elegans (Ehrenberg) Dujardin 1841; Eudorina stagnale Wolle 1887  
Former name  
Common name Green alga  
Locality (Date of collection) The Imperial Palace, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan (1977-09-**)  
Latitude / Longitude 35.681958 / 139.755369 
Habitat (Isolation source) Freshwater (Moat water)  
History < Nozaki, Hisayoshi  
Isolator (Date of isolation) Nozaki, Hisayoshi (1977-09-**)  
Identified by Nozaki, Hisayoshi  
State of strain Cryopreservation; Unialgal; Clonal; Axenic[2017 Dec]  
Culture condition
(Preculture condition)
Medium:  VT  
Temperature:  20 C
Light intensity:  8-11 µmol photons/m2/sec, L/D cycle:  10L:14D
Duration:  2 M  
Gene information 18S rRNA ( LC086352 ) , atpB ( AB014009 ) , psaA ( AB044199 ) , psaB ( AB044435 ) , psbC ( AB044485 ) , rbcL ( D63432 ) , 18S-ITS1-5.8S-ITS2-28S ( LC504542 )  
Cell size (min - max) - 65 μm  
Organization Colonial; Flagellate 
Characteristics Phototaxis ; Heterothallic ; Mating type (male) ; Crosses with NIES-457  
Other strain no. Other strain no. : A-5 (m)  
Remarks Cryopreserved; Axenic 
Movie  
Reference
Yamagishi, S., Yamamoto, K., Takahashi, K., Kawai-Toyooka, H., Suzuki, S., Matsuzaki, R., Yamaguchi, H., Kawachi, M., Higashiyama, T., Nozaki, H. 2023 Evolutionary analysis of MID homologs during the transition from homothallic species to heterothallic species in Volvox sect. Volvox (Chlorophyceae). Phycol. Res., 72, 46-55.
Keywords: male gamete; mating system; minus dominance gene (MID); molecular evolution; sex; sperm packet; volvocine green algae
Strain(s): 28945646054154454556957257458265265365473285185285787289189213621363170817101859245725692735273627403382338337803782378638743984398639884021402543364432453545364537 
DOI: 10.1111/pre.12538

Takahashi, K., Kawai-Toyooka, H., Ootsuki, R., Hamaji, T., Tsuchikane, Y., Sekimoto, H., Higashiyama, T., Nozaki, H. 2021 Three sex phenotypes in a haploid algal species give insights into the evolutionary transition to a self-compatible mating system. Evolution, 75, 2984-2993.
Keywords: Haploid species; inbreeding; life-history evolution; mating systems; reproductive isolation; sex
Strain(s): 456460541544731732872891892136213632569338233833780378240664068447944804481448244834484 
PubMed: 34250602
DOI: 10.1111/evo.14306

Lindsey, C. R., Rosenzweing, F., Herron, M. D. 2021 Phylotranscriptomics points to multiple independent origins of multicellularity and cellular differentiation in the volvocine algae. BMC Biol., 19, 182 (article ID).
Keywords: Phylotranscriptomics; Volvocine algae; Green algae; Phylogeny; Multicellularity
Strain(s): 41845645846056456656857265365471771972072573673785185689028633383 
DOI: 10.1101/2021.03.16.435725

Nakada, T., Tsuchida, Y., Tomita, M. 2019 Improved taxon sampling and multigene phylogeny of unicellular chlamydomonads closely related to the colonial volvocalean lineage Tetrabaenaceae-Goniaceae-Volvocaceae (Volvocales, Chlorophyceae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 130 1-8.
Keywords: Alga; Chlamydomonas; Colony evolution; Multigene phylogeny; Vitreochlamys; Zoosporangium
Strain(s): 4184374564604745415445455645665695715776546667217257287357378678798808828838871362185824622567338333884241424242434244424542464247424842494250425142524253425442554256 
PubMed: 30266459
DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.09.013

Widyaningrum, D., Iida, D., Tanabe, Y., Hayashi, Y., Kurniasih, S. D., Ohama, T. 2019 Acutely induced cell mortality in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlorophyceae) following exposure to acrylic resin nanoparticles. J. Phycol., 55, 118-133.
Keywords: abnormal swimming behavior; cell mortality; cell wall damage; Chlamydomonas rein-hardtii; poly(isobutyl-cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles; ROS
Strain(s): 3514436241842143243845654557173273785810221048184821502169220122022208220922122280235224622578 
PubMed: 30304548
DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12798

Hanschen, E. R., Herron, M. D., Wiens, J. J., Nozaki, H., Michod, R. E. 2018 Repeated evolution and reversibilityof self-fertilization in the volvocinegreen algae. Evolution, 72, 386-398.
Keywords: Haploid; phylogenetics; self-fertilization; sex; sexual reproduction; volvocine green algae
Strain(s): 28941845645846054154354454556456656856957157257457858265373285185685787287587687787888088288389189210381362171117132457256927383382338837803782 
PubMed: 29134623
DOI: 10.1111/evo.13394

Sausen, N., Malavasi, V., Melkonian, M. 2018 Molecular phylogeny, systematics and revision of the type species of Lobomonas, L. francei,(Volvocales, Chlorophyta) and closely related taxa. J. Phycol., 54, 198-214.
Keywords: crystalline glycoprotein lattice; CWClade; ITS2; L. panduriformis; rbcL; Reinhardtinia; scanning electron microscopy; SSU nrRNA
Strain(s): 25741845647454156657766673587988088288313621708185825673923 
PubMed: 29278416
DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12615

Hanschen, E. R., Herron, M. D., Wiens, J. J., Nozaki, H., Michod, R. E. 2018 Multicellularity drives the evolution of sexual traits. Am. Nat., 192, E93-E10.
Keywords: sex; volvocine green algae; multicellularity; ancestral state; reconstruction; anisogamy; sexual dimorphism
Strain(s): 28941842145645846052254154354454556456656856957157257457858265373275185185685787287587687787888088288389189210381362171117132457256927383382338837803782 
PubMed: 30125231
DOI: 10.1086/698301

Hanschen, E. R., Davison, D. R., Ferris, P. J., Michod, R. E. 2018 On the rediscovery of Volvox perglobator (Volvocales, Chlorophyceae) and the evolution of outcrossing from self-fertilization. Evol. Ecol. Res., 19, 299-318.
Keywords: homothallism; phylogenetics; reversion; self-fertilization; sexual reproduction; volvocine green algae
Strain(s): 28942145645846047452254154354454556456656856957157257457858265373275185185687287687787888088210381122114011481156115713621708171117131859245725692738338233883780378239864145425842594260 

Nakada, T., Ito, T., Tomita, M. 2016 18S ribosomal RNA gene phylogeny of a colonial volvocalean lineage (Tetrabanaceae-Goniaceae-Volvocaceae, Volvocales, Chlorophyceae) and its close relatives. J. Jpn. Bot., 91, 345-354.
Keywords: 18S rRNA; colonial; green algae; molecular phylogeny; unicellular; Volvocales
Strain(s): 4184564604745415445455645665716546667217257287357378678778798808818828831362224222462266256733884126 

Nozaki, H., Ott, F. D., Coleman, A. W. 2006 Morphology, molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of two new species of Pleodorina (Volvocaceae, Chlorophyceae). J. Phycol., 42, 1072-1080.
Keywords: colonial Volvocales; molecular phylogeny; morphology; Pleodorina starrii sp. nov.; Pleodorina thompsonii sp. nov.; taxonomy
Strain(s): 4564605415445776667207217227247257287307317327347357368638658668678688698728918921362136341264127 
DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2006.00255.x

Mori, F., Erata, M., Watanabe, M. M. 2002 Cryopreservation of cyanobacteria and green algae in the NIES-Collection. Microbiol. Cult. Coll., 18, 45-55.
Keywords: cryopreservation; cyanobacteria; green algae; FDA staining method; NIES-Collection
Strain(s): 192122232425262728293031323334353637383940414445465051525354555658596061626364656667686970737475767778798081878990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112119120122123125127128129130131132133134135137138139144147151152153154155156157158159160162163164165166167168170171172173174175176177178179180181182183185186187188189191192193194197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217224226227228229230231232241242243244245246248257259261262263266267268287288289290294295297298299300301302303305306308309310312313329334337338339340341342349351359360361362375378379380382384385390394396397398415416418419421422423424425426427428429430431432433434436437438439440446447448449450451452453454455456457458459460464468469474478479480481503504505506507509510512514515522523524527528529530531532536537538539540541542543544545546564565566567568569570571572573574575576577578579580581582583584585592593594595596597598604610628630631632633634635636637638639640641642643644645646647648649650651652653654655656657658659660661662663664665666667672685686687688689690691692693694717718719720721722723724725726727728729 

Nozaki, H., Onishi, K., Morita, E. 2002 Differences in pyrenoid morphology are correlated with differences in the rbcL genes of members of the Chloromonas lineage (Volvocales, Chlorophyceae). J. Mol. Evol., 55, 414-430.
Keywords: ATP synthase β-subunit (atpB) gene; Chloromonas; gene evolution; large subunit of Rubisco (rbcL) gene; morphological evolution; P700 chlorophyll a-apoprotein A2 (psaB) gene; pyrenoid; Volvocales
Strain(s): 96123144213418421425428432439446447456474522564566567569571574582653732851858861875882883968 
PubMed: 12355262
DOI: 10.1007/s00239-002-2338-9

Nozaki, H., Misawa, K., Kajita, T., Kato, M., Nohara, S., Watanabe, M. M. 2000 Origin and evolution of the colonial Volvocales (Chlorophyceae) as inferred from multiple, chloroplast gene sequences. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 17, 256-268.
Strain(s): 418456460474541545564566569571572574577582653654666720721722724725727728730731732734735736737851854872882884886887888889890893895896898 
PubMed: 11083939
DOI: 10.1006/mpev.2000.0831

Nozaki, H., Ohta, N., Takano, H., Watanabe, M. M. 1999 Reexamination of phylogenetic relationships within the colonial Volvocales (Chlorophyta): an analysis of atpB and rbcL gene sequences. J. Phycol., 35, 104-112.
Keywords: atpB gene; Chlorophyta; Gonium; molecular phylogeny; rbcL gene; Volvocaceae; volvocine series; Volvox
Strain(s): 418456460541564566568569571572574577582653654666720721722724725727728730731732734735736737851852858861882884895 
DOI: 10.1046/j.1529-8817.1999.3510104.x

Nozaki, H., Ito, M., Sano, R., Uchida, H., Watanabe, M. M., Kuroiwa, T. 1995 Phylogenetic relationships within the colonial Volvocales (Chlorophyta) inferred from rbcL gene sequence data. J. Phycol., 31, 970-979.
Keywords: Chlorophyta; Goniaceae; large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase / oxygenase (rbcL) gene; molecular phylogeny; Tetrabaenaceae; Volvocaceae
Strain(s): 418421456460541564566569571572574577653725731732734735737895 
DOI: 10.1111/j.0022-3646.1995.00970.x

Nozaki, H. & Ito, M. 1994 Phylogenetic relationships within the colonial Volvocales (Chlorophyta) inferred from cladistic analysis based on morphological data. J. Phycol., 30, 353-365.
Keywords: Chlorophyta; cladistic analysis; Goniaceae; morphological data; phylogeny; sexual reproduction; Tetrabaena; Tetrabaenaceae fam. nov.; Tetrabaena socialis comb. nov.; Volvocaceae
Strain(s): 456460541565571654 
DOI: 10.1111/j.0022-3646.1994.00353.x

Nozaki, H. 1983 Sexual reproduction in Eudorina elegans (Chlorophyta, Volvocales). Bot. Mag. Tokyo, 96, 103-110.
Keywords: anisogamous conjugation; Chlorophyta; Eudorina elegans; gone colony formation; sexual reproduction; Volvocales
Strain(s): 456457 
DOI: 10.1007/BF02491095

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